narrative gives a new perspective of the world. The adolescence learns something new about the world including their values.
The spirit of freedom of the adolescence makes them difficult to teach about the values that their parents or their societies are believed. The adolescences tend to
find the values which they believed. The adolescence can find the good values which the world believes through narrative without force. Finding values in society are the
nature of human being as an adaptation form. If others break this right, it creates some act against moral values and one of them was lying.
C. Theoretical Framework
Each theory is collected to help the writer analyze each element of the novel that shows the moral values. Every theory has a close relation with the research.
Theory of characters and characterization are needed to help the writer understand what character is, the quality and the experience have been experienced by the major
character. Then, the writer can collect all data from the novel that is related to the character. From the theories, the writer can make the conclusion of the character and
the characteristic. Next is Moral and Society. Moral and Society theory is needed by the writer
to understand the correlation between social condition, people who live in the society, and the moral values. This will help the writer to understand the situation and the
condition faced by the major character also the effort for chasing the happiness and the freedom in the middle of the strict society.
Last theory is moral and moral values. Moral and moral values theory used to analyze the values are believed by the society. The understanding of the concept of
moral and values will make the writer goes forward easily in the exploration of the moral values which are lived by the Rosewood community which stated as a high
class society in Pretty Little Liars. Finally, the theory of characters and characterization, theory of moral and
society, and theory of moral and moral values will work together to help the writer does the research, and all of the theories are chosen by the writer reveals moral values
reflected through major character in Sara Shepard ‟ Pretty Little Liars.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The object of my study is Pretty Little Liars novel written by Sara Shepard. Sara Shepard is brilliance young woman. She won second prize at the State College,
Pennsylvania. She grew up in Philadelphia‟s Main Line, Pennsylvania but she fell
into unfortunate condition. She became intern for Elle magazine to struggle of the condition. She finally escaped from the unfortunate and she got an MFA at Brooklyn
College, started receiving evil text messages from someone only known as A, nearly got run over by her best friends SUV, and kept thinking she saw dead people
everywhere. This experience becomes a motif for her writing Pretty Little Liars. The main source of my study is taken from the first series of Sara Shepard
‟ Pretty Little Liars books titled Pretty Little Liars. The novel first published in 2006
by Harper Collins Publisher. In the short time, Pretty Little Liars becomes one of the popular teen books and goes to The New York Times Best Seller List. The success of
the novel makes ABC Family station TV brings the series to the broadcasting world in June 2010. The tv series of Pretty Little Liars become a huge hit and win a lot of
television awards. Pretty Little Liars
has many strong characters bring a lot of values to be analyzed through their actions. Although Pretty Little Liars has many characters, the
major characters of this book become the main focus of my research. The major PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
characters are an important role of the story because the whole story is about them. Sara Shepard makes major characters of Pretty Little Liars are very interesting. There
is four teenagers named Spencer Hastings, Hanna Marin, Aria Montgomery, and Emily Fields which have differ personality, problem, family background, and concern;
but they become one in hiding the truth. Even though there are four major characters, the writer will analyze one major
character only. The major character will be analyzed by the writer is Hanna Marin. It is because Hanna Marin and her action bring values which are interesting to reveal.
This major character brings classic problems which faced by a teenager but this character brings important values that have start been forgotten by people. The reason
of this forgetfulness is because people start thinking if those things are common.
B. Approach of the Study
It is important for analyzing the novel to get some understanding and values delivered by the author. Analyzing to get understanding, the writer needs approach as
a guideline for doing analyze. The approach used for completing this thesis is Moral- Philosophical Approach.
Guerin stated in A Handbook of Critical Approach to Literature that literature must be entertaining yet teaching some values to the reader. The big portion of moral
philosophical approach is literature teaches morality and to probe philosophical issues through literature Guerin,1979:77.
The writer decides to use moral philosophical approach because this thesis focuses on the moral values which are trying to be conveyed by the author, especially
through the major character. The writer wants to open the readers understanding about the moral values on Pretty Little Liars. The writer realizes some readers only
focus on the story or the life of the character but do not think about the moral values delivered by the author. Because of that, the writer tries for bringing this issue to
analyze
C. Method of the Study
The writer uses Library Research to conduct this thesis. Library research is methodology uses to collect all data from many books references, also other written
sources. By collecting many written sources and data, the writer can get a lot of inputs, ideas, and thoughts from other perspectives. Reading a lot of references brings
wide perspective to the writer, and this is very useful in research ‟ writing. The writer
uses library research to make a good research that can conclude all aspects and all details, so the writer can get the moral values in Pretty Little Liars.
The writer uses two kinds of resources to collect data for supporting the study. The first resource is the novel Pretty Little Liars which also the main resource of this
thesis. The second is many books and online sources that can be used for supporting the thesis. The writer collects some books and online sources about character,
