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Text 2 a.
Contextual Configuration
The text entitled Should We Be Smoke-free? was taken from News column in the London Evening Standard online newspaper published on
October, 27 2003 by Ross Lydall. The title and the whole text are written in Times New Roman font with different size and then they are written in black
color. The structure consists of the name of the newspaper, web address, title and writer, illustration and the last is the text itself.
The illustration of the text tells about the debate of smoking ban in public places in London, certainly whether the society should follow the
footstep of New York to campaign banning the smoking and to rule the ban of smoking in all public places. Meanwhile, the text generally describes about the
effort of government and some opinions from the participants.
b. Data Description
1. MOOD system
Table 4.7 MOOD System of Text 2 MOOD
system Clause number
Total Indicative:
Declarative: Proposition
3, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 11,
12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 15, 16,
17a,17b, 17c, 18, 19, 19b, 19c, 19d, 19e, 19f, 20a, 20b, 20c, 21, 22a, 22b, 23a,
23c, 24a, 25, 26, 27a, 27b, 27c, 28. 61 100
Indicative: declarative:
proposal -
- -
Indicative: Interrogative:
- -
-
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Imperative: Proposal
- -
- Total
61 100 Table 4.7 shows that text 2 applies indicative; declarative; proposition
100. 2.
Clause System Table 4.8 Type of Clause of Text 2
Type of Clause
Clause number Total
Minor Ellipsis
1, 2, 4 3
11 Major:
Simplex 3, 5, 11, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22, 25, 26, 28.
11 39
Complex 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, 23, 24, 27.
14 50
Total 28
100 Table 4.8 shows that text 2 consists of complex clauses 50, simplex
39 and Minor clauses 11. 3.
Type of Interdependence and Logico-Semantic Relation Table 4.9 Type of Interdependence and Logico-Semantic Relation of Text 2
Type of Logico- Semantic
Relation Type of Interdependency
Hypotactic Paratactic
Projection - Locution
“ 8c-8d=1, 9a-9b=1,
12c-12d=1, 14a- 14b=1.
19d-19e=1, 23a- 23b=1, 27a-27b=1.
- Idea ‘
- -
Expansion - Elaboration =
8b-8c=1, 14b-14c =1, 17b-17c=1, 19a-
19b=1, 22a-22b=1, 27b-27c=1.
-
- Extension + 7c-7d=1, 9c-9d=1,
19e-19f=1, 20b-
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75 12b-12c=1, 14c-
14d=1, 19b-19c=1 20c=1
- Enhancement x
7a-7b=1, 8a-8b=1, 9b-9c=1, 10a-10b=1,
10b-10c=1, 10c- 10d=1, 12-12b=1,
12d-12e=1, 13a-13b, 13b-13c=1, 13c-
13d=1, 14d-14e=1, 17a-17b=1, 24a-
24b=1. 6a-6b=1, 7a-7c=1,
20a-20b=1, 23b- 23c=1.
Table 4.9 shows that text 2 has four hypotactic locutions, three paratactic locutions, six hypotactic elaborations, five hypotactic extensions, two
paratactic extensions, fourteen hypotactic enhancements and four paratactic enhancements.
4. Nominal Groups
Table 4.10 Nominal Groups of Text 2 Nominal
clause Clause number
total Complex
8ai, 9ai, 10div, 11ii iii, 13di, 14ci, 14eii, 15iii, 17ci,
18ii, 19ai, 22ai ii, 25 i ii, 26iii, 27bi.
18 27. 28
Simplex 3, 4, 5, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 7c,
7d, 8b, 9b, 9c, d, 10a, 10b, 10c, 12a, 12b, 12c,
12d, 12e, 13a, 13b, 13c, 14a, 14b, 16, 17a, 19b, 19c,
19d, 19e, 19f, 20a, 22b, 20c, 23a, 23b, 23c, 24a,
24b, 27a, 27b, 28. 48 72. 72
Total 66
100 Table 4.10 shows that text 2 is dominated by simplex nominal groups
72.72 and followed by complex nominal groups 27.28. 5.
Verbal Groups
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76 Table 4.11 Verbal Groups of Text 2
Nominal clause Clause number
Total Complex
12d, 14b, 14c, 16, 20a 5
8.06 Simplex
3, 5, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 8a, 8b, 8c,
8d, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 11, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12e,
13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 14a, 14d, 14e, 15, 17a,
17b, 17c, 18, 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, 19e, 19f,
20b, 20c, 21, 22 a, 22b, 23a, 23b, 23c,
24a, 24b, 25, 26, 27a, 27b, 27c, 28.
57 91.94
Total 62
100 Table 4.11 shows that text 2 mostly consists of simplex verbal groups
91.94 and followed by complex verbal groups 8.06 . 6.
Modality 1.
Modulation There is no modulation in text 2 because all of the clauses only have
mood system which consists of indicative, declarative functioning proposition.
2. Modalization 3
Should we be smoke-
free… medium probability 6b
Should
smoking be banned… medium probability 10b
the London Health Commission will
begin… Medium probability
11
the result from internet poll… will be passed to… Medium
probability. 17a
the poll will
give Londoners… Medium probability 20a
we want to
give them… Medium probability 20c
whether smoking should or should
not be allowed… medium Probability
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it would
be a real improvement if smoking… Medium Probability
27b to say that a person cannot
smoke in a public… Low Probability.
7. Polarity
In this text II have positive and negative polarity since the text contains the finite elements, they are:
7a the debate is
set to split the capital… positive polarity
8a the biggest-ever survey about the contentious issue is launched this
week positive polarity
9b that seven out of 10 are
bothered by other… positive polarity
9c while around out of 10 have left or avoided a restaurant or pub as a
result positive polarity 12a though The Mayor
doesn’t have the power to introduce…
negative polarity
12d he says he is
committed to working with partner… positive polarity
16 In the UK, they are
also being considered by… positive polarity
19b which was
set up by the Mayor three years ago… positive polarity
19d smoking is something that affects all Londoners whether they
smoke or not positive polarity
21 arguments are
already raging in London’s bars positive polarity
22b which has smoking and no-
smoking zones… positive polarity 23b I
don’t like being surrounded by smoke negative polarity
25 even smokers I know
don’t like the smell of smoke when they are
eating negative polarity
27b to say that a person cannot smoke in a public place is, in my
opinion… positive polarity 28 obviously, that
isn’t fair negative polarity
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78 From the finding above, text 2 has four negative polarities and eleven
positive polarities. 8.
Descriptive and Attitudinal Lexis 1.
Descriptive Lexis Public places 6b, 8d, 12e, 27b, 27c
The capital 7b Public buildings 7d
Research 8b People 8d, 9b
Survey 9a Seven areas 18
Public health 19a, 19c Londoners 19e
Smoking and non-smoking zones 22b Real improvement 24a
2. Attitudinal Lexis
We follow in the footsteps of New York 7c The contentious issue 8a
Support a ban 8d Widening no smoking areas or introducing bans 10d
Smoking ban 12b, 15 Mayor ability 13c
Arguments 21 Infringement 27b
Obviously 28
9. Metaphors
1. Ideational Metaphors
7 The debate is set to split the capital…
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8b
following research which shows that three out of four …
9 The Mori survey, commissioned by pressure group Smoke Free
London, also showed that 10b the London Health Commission will begin
… 13a The Government could also decide
… 15 The survey follows the introduction of smoking bans
… 17
The poll will give Londoners the chance to say what level… 2.
Interpersonal Metaphors 3
should we be smoke-free? 6
… should smoking be banned from public places? 7
should we follow in the footsteps of New York and ban smoking in all public buildings?
14 … I look forward to hearing what the public wants done about
smoking in enclosed public places…
20 We want to give them the chance to have their say on whether smoking should or should not be allowed in a range of public
settings. 10.
Technicality and Nominalization a.
Technicality Debate 7a
Survey 8a, 9a Research 8b
Internet 11 Mayor 13c
Liberties 27b
b. Nominalization
Smoking 6b, 7d, 14c, 24b Decision 11
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80 Government 13a
Restrictions 13d, 17c Non-smoking zones 22a
Smoking zones 22a Improvement 24a
Infringement 27b Developer 26
11. Text Structure and Genre
Table 4.12 Text Structure of Text 2 Clause
Activity sequence Rhetorical function
Text structure
3, 6 Asking the readers
about the smoking ban that
–should we Londoners be smoke-
free or smoking be banned from public
places? Announce the title
by giving question to the readers.
Title
7 Stating the issue about
the debate held in London with the issue-
should we follow in the footsteps of New York
and ban smoking in all public buildings?
Giving more detail about the main point
of issue by giving the question to the
readers whether they support or not.
Issue
8-9 Stating the big survey
by Mory survey about the Londoner’s vote
that three out of four people support a ban in
public places and seven out of ten people are
bothered by other
people’s smoke. Giving the
information many Londoners agree to
follow the smoking ban.
10 Stating by the London
Health Commission will hold a vote on the
possibility of widening no smoking areas or
introducing bans across Giving the
information about the effort to
promote the smoking ban in
public.
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81 the city.
Supporting Point
11-14 Stating by the Big
Smoke Debate that introducing Ken
Livingstone, first mayor of London who
work to cut smoking in public places.
Giving the information about
the effort which done by Mr.
Livingstone to support the smoking
ban.
15-16 Stating the survey by
introducing the smoking ban in New
York, San Francisco and UK.
Giving more detail by showing the
example about the place which are
considered by smoking ban to
support the point of the argument 2.
17-18 Stating based on the
polling that Londoners will give the chance to
choose the level restriction in seven
areas; cafes, restaurants, pubs, and
bars. Giving more
information to support the point of
the argument 2
19 Stating by Len Duvall
of LHC was set up by the Mayor Ken
Livingstone to improve public health-smoking
is something that affects all Londoners
whether they smoke or not.
Giving more information about
Len Duval who help Ken Livingstone to
promote the health by avoiding the
smoking.
20-22 Stating by Len Duval
about the chance that will be given to
Londoners to decide whether they are
allowed smoking or not, especially in bars.
Giving more information to
support the point of the argument 3
23-25 Stating by one of the
Londoners –Miss
Hollamby- she does not like being surrounded
by smoke particularly in restaurant and she
Giving more detail by giving the
example to support the smoking should
be banned in public places. It support
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82 state that some smokers
also do not like the smell of smoke when
they are eating. the point of
argument 3
26-28 Stating by the other
Londoners namely Dominic Woods, a
properly developer that he disagree if the
smoking is banned in public places, it is not
fair. Giving the
information by showing the
opposition point to support free
smoking in public places.
Contrastive point.
Table 4.12 shows that text 2 is belong to the Discussion Genre. It contains the title clause 3, 6, the issue 7 the arguments that support the issue
clause 8-25 and attract the issue 26-28. The writer does not present a recommendation as the conclusion of the text.
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12. Cohesion Lexical Strings TEXT 2
