Type of Research Data and Source of Data Sample and Sampling Technique

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Type of Research

This research is qualitative employing descriptive and comparative method. According to Sutopo, a research is identified as qualitative since the data used in the research are in the forms of words, sentences or pictures rather than the numbers 2002: 35. In addition, Mardalis states that descriptive method is used to explain the certain phenomena based on the data collected that happens currently 2002: 26. Moreover, the research also applies a comparative method. A comparative method is realized by making comparison between two sets of things, person, and role of activities which were known to differ in some other respects Miles and Huberman, 1984: 237. This research has also similar purposes to describe the tenor analysis of news text in The Jakarta Post and London Evening Standard about smoking ban in public places and compares the similarities and differences between both texts.

B. Data and Source of Data

Source of data in a research means the subject from which the data are acquired Arikunto, 2006: 129. Furthermore, the data are materials that are used in the research. It can be in the form of words, sentences, phrases, clauses of discourse Subroto, 1992: 35. The source data of this research are the news texts of smoking ban in public places published by different media: The Jakarta Post and London Standard commit to user 53 Evening and both were taken from online newspapers. Meanwhile, the data of this research are in the form of lexicogrammar, cohesion, genre and their text structure of the two news texts within the frame of Systemic Functional Linguistics.

C. Sample and Sampling Technique

Sample is a part of representative of population that will be investigated Arikunto, 1998: 117. In addition, sample is a part of population that becomes a direct object research and sample should represent the whole population Subroto, 1992: 32. In this research, a total sampling was employed. The technique was used since the researcher took and analyzed all the clauses provided by the source of data namely the news texts of The Jakarta Post and London Evening Standard.

D. Research Procedure