P = x 100
The data are taken from test analysis was conducted by arranging the data obtained systematically. This was done to make easier for the researcher to write
the research report. The data gained from the test dealing with what kinds of errors did the students make in making wh-question.
In order to support the result of data, the writer also used the formula, such as:
4
P = Percentage F = Frequency of false answer
N = Number of sampling
4
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persaja, 2010, Cet. 22, p. 43.
33
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS
This chapter consists of data description that describe the result of test and the result of observation, data analysis and data interpretation.
A. Data Description
1. Result of Test
Wh-question is question beginning with wh-words who, whom, whose, what, which, where, when, why, and how to get information more detail. The
students are tested in making wh-question in four different tenses. Below is distribution of the test items:
Table 4.1 Material Display within the English Test Items
No Tenses
Number of Items Test 1
Test 2
1 Simple Present Tense
A1, A3, A5, B1, B4 A1, A3, A5, B1, B4
2 Present Continues Tense
A2, A10, B2, B7, B9 A2, A10, B2, B7, B9 3
Simple Past Tense A6, A8, A9, B3, B5
A6, A8, A9, B3, B5 4
Simple Future Tense A4, A7, B6, B8, B10 A4, A7, B6, B8, B10
Based on the table 4.1 there are two sections in each test which are given to the students, they are: section A, translating wh-question from Bahasa into
English and section B, making wh-question based on the given answer. There 20 items are tested to the students in four different tenses.
In conducting the research, the instruments are given to the students twice in the different period of time in order to distinct whether the students made
errors or mistakes. The students made errors if they made repetition in giving incorrect answers in both of tests.
Below are the distribution of errors based on the identification of incorrect answers made by the students in simple present tense, present continues tense,
simple past tense, and simple future tense see Appendix 1 page 82, Appendix 2 page 95, Appendix 3 page 111, and Appendix 4 page 128:
a. Simple present tense
Table 4.2 The Distributions of the Students’ Incorrect answer
in Simple Present Tense
S ampl
e Te
st Omis
sion Addition
Misformation
Mi se
lec ti
on
Mi sorde
ring R
esult
Double Mar
king
R egular
iza ti
on
S im
ple A ddit
ion
R egular
iza ti
on
Ar chi
-fo rm
Alter na
ti ng
- for
m
1 1
1AP -
- -
- 1HV
- -
-
Error 2
- -
- -
- 2HV
, 1QW
- -
-
2 1
1AP, 1HV
- -
- -
- -
- -
2
- -
- -
- 2HV,
1QW -
- -
3 1
1AP, 1HV
- -
- -
- -
- 1Adj
2
- -
- 1O
- 1HV
- -
4 1
1AP -
- -
- 1HV
- -
-
2
1HV -
- -
- 1HV
- -
1 HV
5 1
1AP -
- -
- 1HV
- -
-
2
2HV -
- -
- 1QW
- -
- Description: Adj = Adjective, AP = Apostrophe for Possession, HV = Helping Verb, P =
Preposition, QW = Question Word, V = Verb
S ampl
e Te
st Omis
sion Addition
Misformation
Mi se
lec ti
on
Mi sorde
ring R
esult
Double Mar
king
R egular
iza ti
on
S im
ple A ddit
ion
R egular
iza ti
on
Ar chi
-fo rm
Alter na
ti ng
-
for m
6 1
1AP, 1HV
- -
1P -
- -
- 1 Adj
2
1HV -
- -
- 1HV
- -
-
7 1
1AP -
- -
- 1HV
- -
-
Error 2
- -
- -
- 2HV
- -
-
8 1
1AP -
- -
- 1HV
- -
-
2
2HV -
- -
- -
- -
-
9 1
1AP, 1HV
- -
- -
- -
- 1Adj
Error 2
3HV -
- -
- 1QW
- -
-
10 1
1AP -
- -
- -
- -
-
2
1HV -
- -
- 1HV
- -
-
11 1
1AP -
- -
- -
- -
-
2
1HV -
- -
- 1HV
1P -
1 HV
12 1
1AP -
- -
- 1HV
- -
1 Adj
2
2HV -
- -
- 1P
- -
13 1
1AP -
- -
- 1 HV
- -
-
Error 2
- -
- -
- 2HV
, 1QW
- -
-
14 1
1AP, 2HV
- -
- -
- -
- -
Error 2
1HV -
- -
- 1HV,
1QW -
- -
Description: Adj = Adjective, AP = Apostrophe for Possession, HV = Helping Verb, P = Preposition, QW = Question Word.