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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter consists of research methodology, which is including place and time of research, population and sample, method of research, procedure of
collecting data, technique of collecting data and technique of analyzing data.
A. Place and Time of Research
This research was taken place at SMP Islam Al-Syukro Universal. This school is located in Jl. Otista Raya, Gang H. Maung No. 30, Ciputat 14511,
Tangerang Selatan, Banten. It was conducted from April 21
st
2014 until April 25
th
2014.
B. Sample
This study used purposive sampling. The sample of this study is the second year students of SMP Islam Al-Syukro. The selection of the sample based on the
the relation between the students of the second year of Junior High School and the base competency that should be obtained by them, as stated in KTSP that one base
competency of second year of Junior High School is responding and expressing meaning in the simple transactional and interpersonal conversations accurately,
fluently, and acceptable to interact with surroundings involved of actions and speeches of asking service, asking things, asking facts, and asking opinion.
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C. Method of Research
The method of this research is a qualitative method and has descriptive analysis in describing the research findings. Margono states that qualitative
research is procedural research resulting in descriptive data orally or textually
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Kementrian Pendidikan Nasional RI, Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2006 tentang Standar Isi untuk Satuan Pendidikan Dasar dan
Menengah.
from people and their observable behavior.
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The objectives of this study are to see the errors of second year students in making wh-questions and the causes of those
errors. Therefore, this research is a case study. Bogdan states “a case study is a
detailed examination of one setting, or asingle subject, a single depository of documents,
or one particular event”.
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the types and the causes of error made by the second year students, therefore this study uses qualitative methods.
D. Procedure of Collecting Data
In collecting data, the writer started with observing the teaching-learning activity in the classroom. The objects of this observation are the teacher, the
material and the students. The teaching-learning activity was observed on April 21
st
2014. Then, the writer gave the students tests about wh-questions they had learned. These tests are given twice at the different time and date. The first test
was conducted on April 23
rd
2014 and the second test was conducted on April 25
th
2014. The tests are given to gain the data about the most error that students made in making wh-questions.
E. Instrument of the Research
In collecting data of the research, the writer used two Instruments for different purposes. The instruments are:
1. Human
The main instrument in qualitative research is human. In this case, the writer is the instrument who collecting the data while observation was conducted.
The purpose of the observation is to find out whether any induced error from teacher or learning materials. Induced error caused by teacher could be the
wrong explanation, the wrong examples, teaching aids, etc., that are given by the teacher. The writer observed the teaching and learning activity are helped
with observation guide as guidance.
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S. Margono, Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta, 2010, p. 36.
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Bogdan, Robert C., and Biklen, Sari Knopp, Qualitative Research for Education: Introduction to theories and method, Boston: Pearson, 2007, p. 59.
