Declarative The Types of Illocutionary Act Performed by the Main Characters in Alan

her family and she answered his question by informing him that she only lived with her grandmother who was at a retirement community. In reference to this context, Zoe’s utterance is classified as informing since it is a statement which contains explanatory information about Zoe’s family. 2 Asserting Asserting is an act to express something in spoken or written words carefully, completely, and clearly. It is used to arrange, fix, or announce something in advance. People express something in words to state what they think about by stating. Datum presented below is the example of asserting performed by the main character. The above dialogue happened in a scene where Zoe and Stan first met each other. Both of them were trying to rent the same cab. When Zoe found out that there was another person entering the cab, she immediately asserted to Stan that the taxi belonged to her. In relation to this context, Zoe’s utterance is categorized as asserting since it is a statement which contains her own belief that the taxi is hers. Another asserting is presented as follows. 4: 04 Zoe notices someone entering the cab from the other side Zoe : Uh… Excuse me, this is my cab. Stan : You own it? Zoe : No, but I’m about to rent it. P: Zoe and Stan S: Inside a taxi, day IAS-1P8D-1aReCB The above conversation occurred in the same setting and situation with the previous dialogue. Zoe and Stan were arguing over a cab. Stan told Zoe that she could not take another person’s cab. Zoe then responded it by saying that she did not see him beforehand. Thus, she did not know that there was another person trying to get in the same cab. Stan then asserted to Zoe that Zoe saw him. In reference to this context, since Stan’s utterance is a statement which includes his own belief, it is classified as asserting. Another example of asserting is provided below. The above dialogue occurred when Zoe visited Stan’s cheese stand. Zoe asked Stan what he sold and he answered cheese. Zoe responded his information by asserting to him that she knew it was cheese. In relation to the context, Zoe’s 4: 05 Stan : If you see someone about to get in a cab, you can’t just run in from the other side and say it’s yours. Zoe : I didn’t see you. Stan : I saw you see me. P: Zoe and Stan S: Inside a taxi, day IAS-1P8D-3cReCB 4: 06 Zoe : What is it? Stan : It’s cheese. Zoe : I can see that. P: Zoe and Stan S: At Stan’s cheese cave, night IAS-17P51D-34cReCB