The above dialogue happened at a subway station. Stan wished Zoe that the good things happening to her would continue. Zoe then responded his wish by thanking
him. Zoe’s utterance is a statement which contains a thanking expression. Thanking
employs convivial function since it coincides with the social goal. ‘Thank’ is intended to show politeness and gratitude towards someone’s good deed. Therefore,
the function of Zoe’s utterance is convivial since it shows her gratitude towards Stan’s wish. Another example of convivial function performed by the main character
is presented below.
The above dialogue occurred when Stan was at Zoe’s pet store. Stan was telling her that he was not a stalker. He then offered her to take his name card.
Stan’s utterance is an imperative sentence which contains an offer. Offering employs convivial function since it matches with the social goal. By offering Zoe to
take his name card, Stan is politely proving to her that he is not a stalker. Another dialogue which employs convivial function is provided below.
4: 62
Stan : Can I just give you my card? Here, take my card. I’m not a freak,
really. I sell cheese. Zoe
: Cheese? Stan : Yeah. My family has a goat farm. We make cheese. You like cheese?
P: Zoe and Stan S: Hudson Pets, night
IAS-5P14D-13bCoCV
The above dialogue took place when Zoe and Stan met each other on Hudson Street. They were reuniting and Stan complimented Zoe that she looked great.
Stan’s utterance is a statement which contains a compliment. Complimenting employs convivial function since it expresses his attempt for comity with Zoe.
d. Conflictive
Conflictive function conflicts with the social goal. In this function, politeness does not need to be questioned since the terms in this illocutionary function are meant
to cause offence. In this movie, conflictive function is not employed by the main characters. Since this function is intended to conflict with the social goal, both Zoe
and Stan do not perform any utterance which contains conflictive function. Zoe and Stan are couple who love each other. Therefore, they do not employ conflictive
function since they do not want to cause any offence or hurt each other’s feeling. 4: 63
Zoe : Hi.
Stan : Hi. Zoe
: You said that already.
Stan : You look great.
P: Zoe and Stan S: Hudson Street, night
IAS-22P68D-53dExCV
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CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
After presenting the findings and discussion in the preceding chapter, the conclusion and suggestions are provided as follows.
A. Conclusion
The data of the research are classified based on the theory of illocutionary act by John R. Searle and illocutionary functions by Geoffrey Leech. There are two
objectives of this research: 1 to identify the types and 2 to analyze the functions of illocutionary act performed by the main characters in The Back-up Plan movie. With
regard to the findings and the discussion, this research reveals four types and three functions of illocutionary act employed by the main characters in the movie.
In reference to the first objective of the research, there are four types of illocutionary act found in the movie. They are representative, directive, expressive,
and commissive. Of the four types, representative act ranks first. This means that the main characters want to convey their beliefs to each other. Therefore, they perform
representative act to deliver their messages. Furthermore, questioning and informing are the most dominant forces employed by the main characters. This implies that as a
new couple, they have many things to ask and inform each other. Therefore, the two illocutionary forces are dominantly employed by the main characters in the movie.
On the other hand, declarative act is not employed by the main characters since performing a felicitous declaration needs particular circumstances and authorities. In
the movie, the two main characters are described as common people who do not have
