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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of the Research
This research was conducted action research. Action research is essentially an on-the-spot procedure designed to deal with a concrete problem located in an
immediate situation. It focused on the efforts to improve classroom interaction in English teaching-learning process through communicative tasks. The objectives of
the research were to observe and to describe the process and the result of the actions; meanwhile the objective of the action was to improve interaction in the
English teaching learning process in the 8
th
grade students of SMPN 3 Wates. The steps of action research are drawn below:
Figure 2. Cyclical AR model based on Kemmis and McTaggart 1988
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The action research was done through collaborative work among research members in finding out the problems, identifying those problems, planning and
carrying out the actions, evaluating, reflecting, and discussing the action implemented. It tried to find and to implement the actual actions to improve the
classroom interaction in the English teaching-learning process to the 8
th
grade students of SMPN 3 Wates in the academic year of 20122013.
B. Setting of the Research
This action research was carried out in the 8
th
grade students of SMPN 3 Wates located on Jln. Wates-Purworejo, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta. There were
three grades in it and each grade has 4 classes. There were about 360 students and grade 8 have about 119 students. This school was led by a headmaster and
assisted by two vice headmasters, forty teachers including 3 English teachers, two librarians, 7 administration staffs, and two school guards.
The teaching-learning process in SMPN 3 Wates was generally grouped into intra-curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. Intra-curricular
activities were the realization of the curriculum programs. It runs from 07.00 a.m. to 02.00 p.m. Co-curricular activities were
defined as students‟ activities outside the intra-curricular activities to support the success of intra-curricular activities.
Extra-curricular activities were teaching-learning activities outside the curriculum programs to increase students‟ skills.
Related to the curriculum, SMPN 3 Wates was using KTSP School-based Curriculum which was implemented in the teaching-learning activities. There
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were three English teachers who have graduated from the S1-degree of English Education Department of Sarjana Wiyata Taman Siswa University and Ahmad
Dahlan University. The English subject was carried out four times a week. The duration of every meeting is 45 minutes.
C. Subjects of the Research
Because this research was action research, it was conducted collaboratively by all research members. This research was done to grade VIIIB
students of SMPN 3 Wates in the academic year of 20122013 as the source of collecting the data. It was because the students in the grade VIIIB have problems
in classroom interaction. It was also based on the discussion with the English teacher and the agreement with the headmaster. In the reconnaissance step, the
research was done by all research members. They were the English teachers, the students of the 8
th
grade, the headmaster, and the writer himself. In the action step, the action was conducted by one English teacher, a collaborator and the writer.
D. Data of the Research
The data were qualitative in nature. The data of reconnaissance were the problems found in the process of English teaching-learning and in the form of
opinion, obstacles, preferences, and expectations of the research members. The data of actions included the data of planning, implementing,
evaluating, and reflecting. The data of planning the actions were all the plans which made collaboratively by the research team members to improve classroom
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