101 H1a: The indirect use value of the Benuaq Dayak’s management is equal or less
than private companies. H2:
The non-use value of the Benuaq Dayak’s management is higher than private companies.
H2a: The non-use value of the Benuaq Dayak’s management is equal or less than private companies.
The total economic value concept was employed to estimate the total economic values of the Benuaq Dayak’s sustainable forest management. The use values were
estimated through data collection of the Benuaq Dayak’s daily activities. Surveys were conducted at three villages of the Benuaq Dayak on their direct use of forest products,
both timber and non-timber. These data were used to identify direct use values and indirect use values.
The perception of Benuaq Dayak’s sustainable forest conservation for the present and future generations was also explored. Estimates of their willingness to pay extra
transportation costs to non-tribal forest areas and their willingness to sacrifice
consumption of forest products were made through the direct interviews. These estimated values were used to estimate Benuaq Dayak’s non-use values.
4.6 Methodology and Justification
4.6.1 Methodology
The survey-based methods were implemented in this research using questionnaires. Surveys were conducted at three villages of the Benuaq Dayak tribe: the
Tepulang, Benung and Dingin Villages. The survey was conducted in the Indonesian
102 language. When the respondent was not fluent in Indonesian, local assistance helped the
interviewer translate from the local language. The questionnaire component of the survey was conducted using 25 to 50
randomly selected households from the village. The questionnaires were written in the Indonesian language. Local assistants also facilitated the interviews if the respondent did
not clearly understand Indonesian. The data collection questionnaire survey process took about 20 to 30 days in each village.
The questionnaire was designed to collect individual household perceptions of use value and non-use value. The questionnaires for the use value data questioned the
respondent on what kind of plants they planted at each land use, the yields for the current year, and what portion of those yields they sold to the market, both in quantities and
prices. The questionnaires also questioned the respondent about how often they go to the river area, the forest and the garden. The frequencies defined the abundance yield that
they receive on weekly and yearly basis. The questionnaires for non-use value questioned the respondent’s perceptions of
their forest value, their preference value, and their option value. The data that were collected from the surveys were classified into components that form the total economic
value methods. The questionnaire form that was used can be found in Appendix A. The income per household, based on the land uses yields and time these products
were produced, was calculated using the survey results. A simple mathematical additive was used to make the calculations.
103
4.6.2 Indirect Use Value
Indirect use value is a means to measure the function of forest products and the social costs that are worthless in terms of market price using the benefit transfers data
methods NRMP-USAIDa, 1996. Benefit transfers data is the transfer and application of estimates of economic benefits of particular resources from previous studies to a site for
which no such benefit values are available. The transfer of benefits assumes that the value of the resources in question is the same or a similar value across the different sites
Pearce and Moran, 1994. The indirect value is estimated by transferring the data that already existed at the
surrounding area or other areas that have similar characteristics. The level of carbon sequestration in the area per hectare and the flood prevention costs are two types of data
that could be transferred. These data exist from previous research and the calculations of others. These existing data used in the current research came from research areas that are
similar to or close to the Kutai Barat. For the Benuaq Dayak total economic value estimation, the benefit transfer data
came from a publication of the Bogor Agriculture University published in 1999. The publication is titled Kajian Sistem Nilai Hutan Produksi and can be freely translated in
English as Research on Production Forest Valuating System. The book was written based on research that was conducted on the Kalimantan and Sumatra Islands. The data
that transferred to this research as part of the total economic value calculation are
presented in the following sections.
104
4.6.3 Value for Erosion Prevention for Kalimantan Island
