71 H2:
The Benuaq Dayak’s direct use economic value of their forest management is equal to or less than that generated by private company management practices in
the long-term.
H2
a
: The Benuaq Dayak’s direct use economic value from forest management is higher
than that generated by private company management practices in the long-term.
3.7
Methodology
and Justification
3.7.1 Survey to Test for Tribe Homogeneity
To be able to calculate the total economic value of Benuaq Dayak’s natural resources management, the homogeneity of the ethnicity inside the research area was
very important. There are many Dayak tribes in the West Kalimantan province. Mixed ethnicity in the same village is very common. A pre-survey was conducted twice to
determine the villages with homogenous ethnicity. The first pre-survey was conducted in the summer of 2000 and the second was conducted in the fall of 2001. In addition to
ethnicity homogeneity, the pre-survey also identified villages that were maintaining traditional practices related to natural resources. The availability of local government
support and the existence of local non-profit organizations in the area were also important considerations to ensure the success of the study.
3.7.2 Survey Questionnaire Methods
Questionnaires were used to collect productivity data from each land use in each village. The data from the three different villages were analyzed using statistical methods
to ensure that similar conditions existed among the villages. Use economic value and non-use economic values were calculated for each village using mathematical
calculations. Total economic value estimation was conducted for each individual village
72 in addition to a total tribe estimate using net present value NPV methods. Methods
employed in this research are explained in detail in the following sections. The survey methods were divided into two parts: first was the identification of the
Benuaq Dayak’s land use patterns and associated productivities, and, second, data collection was done using questionnaires. Land use pattern identification was conducted
over seven days by questioning village leaders and other village residents. The survey was conducted in the Indonesian language. When the respondent was not fluent in
Indonesian, local assistance helped the interviewer translate from the local language. The definitions of village practices were very carefully and clearly defined and explained.
The information that was collected was used to refine the first draft of the questionnaire. The questionnaire component of the survey was conducted using 30 to 50
randomly selected households from the village. The questionnaires were written in the Indonesian language. The interviews were also facilitated by local assistants if the
respondent did not clearly understand Indonesian. The data collection questionnaire survey process took about 20 to 30 days in each village.
The questionnaire was designed to collect individual household perceptions of use value and non-use value. The questionnaires for the use value data questioned the
respondent on what kind of plants they planted at each land use, the yields for the current year, and what portion of those yields they sold to the market, both in quantities and
prices. The questionnaires also questioned the respondent about how often they go to the river area, the forest and the garden. The frequencies defined the abundance yield that
they have received on a weekly and yearly basis.
73
3.7.3 Sustainable Activities Identification
