Conducting Needs Survey The Steps of Designing a Set of English Instructional Listening Materials

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1. Conducting Needs Survey

A needs survey was conducted as the first step, because it was important to know the students’ need before designing the materials. The needs survey, furthermore, determined what the designed materials looks like. The data of needs survey were obtained by distributing the questionnaires to the first grade students of tourism department in SMK Negeri 4 Yogyakarta who were chosen randomly, interviewing the first grade students of tourism department in SMK Negeri 4 Yogyakarta who were chosen randomly, and interviewing English teachers who teach the first grade students of tourism department in SMK Negeri 4 Yogyakarta . The questionnaires of the need analysis were distributed on 6 and 8 January 2007. The writer distributed 69 questionnaires and received the same number of questionnaires back. The results are shown as follows: Table 4.1: Summary of Students’ Questionnaires Part 1 Answer No. Question Number of Respondents Yes Sometimes No 1. Do you enjoy your listening class? 69 21 45 3 2. Is listening difficult to understand? 69 16 48 5 3. Is listening interesting? 69 33 30 6 4. Is listening important in mastering English? 69 69 - - 5. Does your teacher use media in conducting listening materials? 69 57 12 - PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 40 Table 4.2: Summary of the Students’ Questionnaires Part 2 No. Questions Responses Number 6. What makes listening difficult to understand? a. Not concentrating. b. Having limited vocabulary. c. English words that sound strange. d. The speed is too fast. e. The materials is too long. f. Need repetition. g. Lack of exercises. h. Feeling nervous and afraid if cannot follow the materials. i. Others: - Feeling lazy and bored - Not understand - The teacher is boring - Noisy 49 43 25 33 7 17 47 23 1 1 5 1 7. What do you do when you find difficult words? a. Asking friends b. Asking teachers c. Consulting dictionary d. Letting them be e. Others: - Guessing 58 18 59 6 1 8. What activities do you usually do dealing with listening? a. Drills b. Question and answer c. Discussion d. Problem solving e. Respond to the problem f. Others: - Listening to CDs or cassettes 40 43 21 15 14 1 9. What makes you enjoy listening class? a. The materials are according to the book. b. There isare games. c. There isare songs. d. Others: - Clear materials - Attractive teacher - Fair teacher - Familiar words 43 25 45 4 8 1 3 41 The conclusion can be drawn that the respondents said that they were not very happy following English listening class. There were only 30.43 of the respondents who stated that they enjoyed listening class. 65.22 of respondents stated that they sometimes enjoyed their listening class. While, the rest of respondents stated that they were not happy following their listening class. However, there were only 23.19 of the respondents who stated that listening class was difficult while there were 47.83 who said that listening class was interesting. This statement related to statements number 6, 7, 8, and 9, which were asking about their opinion toward listening materials. Responses in the following statements explained the reason why students did not enjoy their listening class. When asked about factors that made listening difficult, 71.01 of the respondents stated that it was because they did not concentrate, 68.12 answered that they need more practice, and 62.32 stated because of their limited vocabulary. From item number 7, the writer knew that 85.51 of the respondents prefer consulting dictionary and 84.06 of the respondents prefer asking their friends than asking the teacher when they found difficult words that they had not recognized yet. Moreover, the respondents admitted that listening materials were well presented by the teachers. In spite of their difficulty in following the listening class, all of the respondents stated that they needed listening materials in order to improve their spoken skill. Thus, items number 9 was provided in order to find out the kinds of materials needed according to the students. From the answers the writer found out that the students would be pleased if the materials were not only according to the books but also consisting of games and songs. From the findings, this study intends PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 42 to provide a set of listening materials for the first grade students of tourism department in SMK Negeri 4 Yogyakarta. Furthermore, the designed set of English instructional listening materials using authentic materials for the first grade students of tourism department in SMK Negeri 4 Yogyakarta in this study was made in such a way that the students would be interested and therefore enjoy their listening class. However, the materials presentation was also part of the teacher roles in conducting teaching materials. Therefore, in order to attract the students’ interest, the teachers should also develop the materials well besides following the teaching steps of the materials. The questionnaires were also distributed to the teachers in order to know the teachers’ expectation toward the listening materials. There were three English teachers in SMK Negeri 4 Yogyakarta who gave their opinions for the needs survey. The results of the questionnaires given to the teachers are as follows: Table 4.3: Summary of Teachers’ Questionnaires No. Questions Responses Number 1. Is the class conducive? a. Yes b. No 3 - 2. How is the general competence of your students? a. Bad b. Average c. Good d. Very good - 2 1 - 3. How many meetings of English class are in one week there? a. 1 time b. 2 times c. 3 times d. 4 times e. 5 times f. 6 times g. not clear h. never - 1 1 1 - - - - 4. How many meetings of English listening class are in one week there? a. 1 time b. 2 times c. 3 times d. 4 times 1 2 - - 43 e. 5 times f. 6 times g. not clear h. never - - - - 5. What are your teaching activities based on? a. The curriculum available at school b. The appropriate references c. The students’ interests d. The students’ ability e. Others 3 3 - 1 - 6. What are the facilities that support listening class? a. Language lab b. Tape recorder c. Cassettes d. Others Hand-outs 3 2 2 1 7. What kind of references do you use in delivering listening materials? a. Film b. News recording c. Songs d. Listening handbook e. Others 2 - 1 3 - 8. What kind of strategies do you use in delivering listening materials? a. Individual task b. Group work c. Reading a text or conversation d. Watching a film e. Listening to a cassette f. Others: Describing the pictures 2 1 2 1 3 1 9. What kind of media do you use in delivering listening materials? a. Comic-script b. Photograph c. Poster d. Cassettes e. CDs f. VCDs g. MP3 h. Others 1 3 1 3 - 2 - - 10. What kind of activities do you use in conducting listening in class? a. Drills b. Question and answer c. Discussion d. Problem solving e. Filling the blanks f. Others: Getting information from the pictures 2 2 2 - 3 1 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 44

2. Formulating Goal, Topics, and Objectives