Definitions of Translation Translation

According to Nida and Taber 1982: 33, the translation process consists of three stages, which are: 1 Analysis Analysis of the source language text is the first step for the translator in the process of translation. The translator should have the knowledge and master in linguistics and socio-cultural aspect of both languages. It is very crucial related to the analysis of the content of the whole text. The process of analyzing in term of linguistic means that translator should master in terms of structure, language style, semantic, idiom, etc. which are used in the source language text. The second is socio-cultural. It is crucial because the translation process is not only translating the language but also transferring the culture of the source language text. Mastery in this term can help the translator to understand the message of the text and make translation work correctly. 2 Transfer In this step the translator begins to translate the source language text into the receptor language or target language. The content of the message is transferred from language A source language text into language B target language text. The translator must create the right equivalent for words, phrases, clauses, and sentences of the source language into the target language. 3 Restructuring Restructuring is the final step where the translator makes some correction and makes complete translation that realizes in the final message and fully acceptable text in the receptor language.

d. Equivalence in Translation

Equivalent can be said to be the central issue in translation although its definition, relevance, and applicability within the field of translation theory. Baker 1992: 18 defines equivalence as a relation between a source language SL text and a target language TL text. Machali 1998: 3 states that target language equivalents have to be sou ght not simply in terms of the ‘sameness of meaning’, but in terms of the greatest possible overlap of situational range. Thus, equivalence in translation should not be approached as a search for sameness since sameness of meaning cannot easily exist between the source language and the target language. Nida in Venuti, 2000: 133 states that it is not easy to produce a completely natural translation. This happen because not every word in one language can be translated into another. To solve this problem, translator must modify this translation by using another word in target language TL that equivalent with the word in source language SL so the reader of the translation can understand. It is important for a translator to make sure the message from the source text can be delivered correctly into the target text, so that it is a mandatory for a translator to have a deep knowledge about both languages. Meaning transferring process from the source language to the target language has to consider the principle of equivalence when the meaning between the source language and the target language are not equivalent; the basic notion of the source language is unaccepted by the target reader. In fact, not all meanings can be transferred to the target language due to the cultural gap. Whatever the