enjoy their experience in learning to communicate in a foreign language ”.
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It means that in learning foreign language, the students have to enjoy in
teaching and learning process.
b. Types of Learning and Teaching Activities
“Imperative drills are the major classroom activity in total physical response. Imperative drills typically used to elicit physical actions and
activity on the part of the learner ”.
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“The first phase of a lesson is one modeling. The instructor issues commands to a few students then perform the
actions with them. In the second phase, the same students demonstrate that they can also have an opportunity to demonstrate their understanding
”.
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c. Teacher and Learner Roles
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Teacher Roles
In total physical response method the teacher plays an active and direct role, the teacher as the instructor and director. The teacher is
encouraged to be well-prepared and well-organized. Therefore the lesson flows smoothly and predictably.
-
Learners Roles
The students in total physical response have the primary roles of listener and performer. They listen attentively and respond
physically to commands given by the teacher. Learners are required to respond both individually or collectively.
32
Diane Larsen Freeman, Techniques and Principles …, p. 113.
33
Jack C. Richard and Theodore S. Rodgers, Approaches’ and Methods …, pp. 92-93.
34
Diane Larsen Freeman, Techniques and Principles …, p. 113.
4. Principles of Total Physical Response
There are some principles in total physical response that have to know by the teacher and here some of the principles:
a. Having fun makes language learners interested in learning foreign
language. The principle that learning foreign language will be more effective if language learning have fun.
b. Correction is carried out unobtrusive manner.
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c. The students’ understanding of the target language should be
developed before speaking.
d. The students can initially learn one part of the language rapidly by
moving their bodies.
e. The imperative is a powerful linguistic device through which the
teacher can direct student behavior.
f. Students can learn through observing actions as well as by
performing the action themselves.
g. Students should not be made to memorize fixed routines.
h. Spoken language should be emphasized over written language.
i. Students will begin to speak when they are ready.
j. Students are expected to make errors when they first begin
speaking. Teacher should be tolerant of them.
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35
Ag. Bambang Setiyadi, Teaching English as a Foreign Language …, p. 128.
36
Diane Larsen Freeman, Techniques and Principles …, pp. 111-113.
