4. Principles of Total Physical Response
There are some principles in total physical response that have to know by the teacher and here some of the principles:
a. Having fun makes language learners interested in learning foreign
language. The principle that learning foreign language will be more effective if language learning have fun.
b. Correction is carried out unobtrusive manner.
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c. The students’ understanding of the target language should be
developed before speaking.
d. The students can initially learn one part of the language rapidly by
moving their bodies.
e. The imperative is a powerful linguistic device through which the
teacher can direct student behavior.
f. Students can learn through observing actions as well as by
performing the action themselves.
g. Students should not be made to memorize fixed routines.
h. Spoken language should be emphasized over written language.
i. Students will begin to speak when they are ready.
j. Students are expected to make errors when they first begin
speaking. Teacher should be tolerant of them.
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Ag. Bambang Setiyadi, Teaching English as a Foreign Language …, p. 128.
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Diane Larsen Freeman, Techniques and Principles …, pp. 111-113.
5. Procedures of Total Physical Response
The teacher in total physical response TPR should foster an atmosphere of general euphoria. It is important to ease as much as possible
the tension of performing the commands in front of their peers.
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The teacher gives a lot command to the students with the old and the new word. Those
procedures are review, new command, role reversal, reading and writing.
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a. Review. This was a fast moving warm up which individual students
were moved with commands.
b. New commands. These verbs were introduced.
c. Role reversal. Students readily volunteered to utter commands that
manipulated the behavior of the instructor and other students.
d. Reading and writing. The instructor wrote on the whiteboard each
new vocabulary item and a sentence. The students listened as she read the material. Some copied the information in their book.
6. How to Teach Imperative Sentence through Total Physical
Response. a.
The teacher gives a command in the target language and performs it with the students.
b. The teacher gives the command quite quickly.
c. The teacher sits down and issues commands to the volunteers.
d. When the students make an error, the teacher repeats the command
while acting it out. e.
The teacher says, “Jump to the desk.” Everyone laughs; language learning is more effective when it is fun.
f. The last, teacher writes the new commands on the whiteboard. Each
time she writes a command, she acts it out. The students copy the
sentences from the whiteboard into the notebooks.
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Ag. Bambang Setiyadi, Teaching English as a Foreign Language …, p. 132.
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Jack C. Richards and Theodore S. Rodgers, Approaches and Methods …, pp. 95-96.
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