Problem Formulation Objectives of the Study

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE

A. Review of Related Studies

Presupposition is an instrument that can be used to convey a certain fact, truth, or information that is necessary to be known by certain readers, or audiences. Based on the presupposed meaning, it is strategic to depict certain ideologies that are intended by the speaker‟s utterances in this study. There are two studies that are focused on the concept of presupposition. The first study is an undergraduate thesis entitled “A Study on Pragmatics Presupposition in Countries and States‟ Slogans” by Astika Christia Destin. Destin‟s study aims to show certain types of presupposition occuring in the slogans of certain countries and states and how presuppositional triggers support those presuppositions in the slogans 2013: 5. In order to achieve the aim her study, Destin employs descriptive research method to present the research‟s result in a form of rich description 2013: 6. In her study, she applied descriptive method to explain the presuppositional triggers and the types of presuppositions that occur in the countries ‟ and states‟ slogans Destin, 2013: 51-52. The descriptive method results into the revelation of 6 out of 13 presuppositional triggers and 3 out of 6 types of presuppositions in the slogans Destin, 2013: vii. Destin‟s study is related to this study in terms of linguistic approach. Destin‟s study employs pragmatic approach, presupposition in particular, the same approach that this study employs to examine the characters‟ utterances in the film . Destin‟s study is also helpful for this study, for her strategy on using presuppositional triggers becomes the guidance in this study to examine the types of presupposition that occur in the film script containing the characters‟ utterances. However, Destin concedes that her study only aims to reveal the presupposed meaning in the countries ‟ and states‟ slogans. This study extends the scope of presuppositions by relating the presupposed meaning to the context of social revolution that occurs in the film Milk to discover certain truths behind the characters‟ utterances or to analyze the words in the presupposed meaning using the lexical semantic strategy to reveal the lexical meaning of certain words that may assist better understanding on certain presupposed meaning, namely lexical and non-factive presupposition. Therefore, this study is more extensive because the presupposition is linked to the social revolution that is related to the framework of critical discourse analysis. The second study is an undergraduate thesis entitled “A Study in Presupposition Used in Weekender Magazine‟s Advertisements” by Ana Humardhiana. In her study, Humardhiana finds 5 out of 6 types of presupposition in Weekender m agazine‟s advertisement. The presuppositions are 51 existential presupposition, 28 lexical presupposition, 13 factive presupposition, 6 structural presupposition, and 2 non-factive presupposition 2009: vi. Based on her findings, she argues that presupposition is important in persuasive language, including advertising language 2009: 31. Humardhiana‟s argument means that she applies presupposition to help the readers understand the function of the advertisement in Weekender magazine. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI