evidence such as linguistic tools 2011: 22. In that light, the presupposed meaning in this study serves as the linguistic tools that validate the researcher‟s
intuition towards the ideology of liberty and optimism. In order to relate the presupposed meaning to the revelation of an
ideology, Verschueren argues that Before an aspect of meaning can be seen as an ingredient of ideology, it
should emerge coherently from the data, both in terms of conceptual connectedness with other aspects of meaning and in terms of patterns of
recurrence or of absence 2011: 23. Based on his point, it means that it is vital to examine the patterns of
recurrence or of absence in the presupposed meaning to present the ideology of liberty and optimism in Dustin Lance Black‟s film entitled Milk.
C. Review of Related Backgrounds
Harvey Milk, a pioneer of civil rights, becomes the first openly gay politician when he is elected as San Francisco Board of Supervisors in 1977.
During that time, the gay community is encountering widespread hostility and discrimination. One of the widespread discrimination suffered by the gay
community is the marginalization under the basis of inequality in law and social. For instance, police raid forces certain gay society to be put into imprisonment
jail or hospital with the aim to “cure” their homosexuality. During the candidacy process, Milk suffers from daily death threats by
homophobic society. What ‟s worse is that Harvey Milk is aware of the possible
death that may come to him. Consequently, he records a speech in his kitchen to express his will which can only be heard in the event of his assassination. This
threat does not stop Milk to fight for the LGBT rights when he decides to still run for candidacy even though he suffers three failures. The main purpose of Harvey
Milk to be elected as the supervisors is to liberate gay society from any discrimination or persecution. This main purpose comes up when Milk is aware
that other minorities namely Afro-American or women have already got their important figure that fights for their rights minority rights. Therefore, he intends
to be the important figure for the gay rights. Thus, his intention creates the nuance of gay liberation during the 1970s.
On November 27, 1978, Dan White, a conservative politician, sneaks in to the City Hall, surviving from the metal detector, and eventually walks down the
hall to murder Milk with a gun. In order to pay tribute to Harvey Milk, thousands of society march from Castro Street to City Hall in a silent candlelight vigil. In his
recorded will, Harvey Milk conveys that L GBT people‟s participation will be
necessary to empower protections for their equal rights Kronenberg, 2014.
D. Theoretical Framework
There are four theories that will be used in this study. The first one is pragmatics, the second one is presupposition, the third one is lexical semantics,
and the last one is CDA. All of these theories will be the guidance in answering both of the formulated problems stated above. The theory of pragmatics is
essential to validate the intended meaning of certain speaker to the utterances. One of the methods to find out the intended meaning of certain speaker‟s utterances is
by pointing out the presupposed meaning behind the utterances. As stated above, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
presupposition is something that the speaker assumes or presupposes through the utterances. Therefore, presupposition is the specific concept of pragmatics that
will be essential in finding out the intended meaning of the characters‟ utterances
in the film. In presuppositions, these theories will be useful to identify which types of presupposition that can be used appropriately in certain utterances made
by the characters in the film. Therefore, the theory of presupposition is essential in order to depict the
presupposed meaning. In order to assist better understanding on either lexical or non-factive presupposition, a lexical semantic strategy will be employed in order
to draw the further explanation on certain lexical unit or words such as verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and nouns. The further explanation will be done by depicting
the lexical meaning of the words in isolation that will be contributive to presuppose the information through lexical presupposition or non-factive
presupposition. The main purpose of finding the lexical meaning of the words in lexical and non-factive presupposition is to avoid any assumption on the
presupposed meaning. Therefore, the validity can be proven by a further examination on the words using lexical meaning as the relatable factor.
Last but not least, CDA. CDA is beneficial in depicting the ideologies in the movie. The aim of using CDA is to relate the presupposed meaning to the way
of Harvey Milk and his ally in resisting the domination of an opposition that creates certain social inequality. In this study, CDA will portray that presupposed
meaning is a tool for Harvey Milk and his ally as the prominent figures to persuade certain followers with certain ideologies that want to be empowered by
them. Therefore, CDA has an important role in relating the presupposed meaning to the context which will be completed by the depiction of the ideologies in the
characters‟ utterances. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
