examination, the sentences that are analyzed are the sentences containing certain presupposed meaning. Certain words and phrases are also essential to complement
this study because certain words or phrases in the sentence containing the presupposed meaning may also be important to be examined.
B. Approach of the Study
The foundation of this study is comprised of two linguistic approaches. Firstly, the pragmatic approach is applied. As stated above, pragmatic approach
deals with certain meanings that are communicated by a speaker. The data of this study are certain sentences uttered by the characters
in Black’s film script. Therefore, pragmatic approach is the strategic approach to treat the data as the
object of examination to discover the meaning that aims to be communicated by the characters
in Black’s film script. Eventually, the examination of the meaning communicated by the characters will be done under the specific concept of
presupposition which reveals certain presupposed meaning in the characters ’
utterances. As stated above, presupposition is something that the speaker assumes to be the case through his or her utterance. Thus, presupposition conveys certain
information that can be presupposed through certain utterances. Consequently, presupposition will be essential in depicting certain presupposed meaning from
the characters ’ utterances and the presupposed meaning will be related to the
context of gay liberation in San Francisco during the 1970s. Presupposition is the most strategic concept in this study because
pragmatic approach concerns with what people actually mean beyond his or her PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
utterances speaker meaning. Furthermore, pragmatic approach also concerns with how particular context may reveal what people actually mean in his or her
utterances contextual meaning. In this case, presupposition will be employed to convey certain presupposed meaning which will be the portrayal of what the
characters actually mean beyond their utterances and it will be related to the context of gay liberation in San Francisco during the 1970s.
However, in particular presuppositions which are lexical and non-factive presuppositions, the depiction on the presupposed meaning cannot be done in
isolation due to the potential unproven assumption on certain words in the utterances. Therefore, a lexical semantic approach is conducted because it
concerns with the meaning of words that will be contributive to assist the understanding of the presupposed meaning.
Secondly, CDA is applied in the aim of discovering the significance of the presupposed meaning. As stated above, CDA is essential to depict certain
ideas beyond the language in a text under a critical scrutiny. In this study, CDA will discover that Black’s film script depicts certain prominent ideologies carried
in the film. As stated above, the ideologies in CDA take an essential role as a foundation of someone who is responsible to improve certain condition. For
instance, improving the issue of inequality depicted in Black’s film script. In response to that, CDA will be applied by showing the contribution of the
presupposed meaning to the depiction of the prominent ideologies carried by Harvey Milk in the film. Consequently, CDA becomes a strategic approach to
analyze the ideologies behind the presupposed meaning. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
C. Method of the Study
The study is conducted under two necessary procedures which are data collection and data analysis. Data collection is the initial step of this study. Data
analysis is the final step of this study to discover the findings of this study.
1. Data Collection
A purposive sampling study was executed in order to only analyze the utterances of the characters
in Black’s film script that may led to the internalization of either liberty or optimism. There were several procedures in
collecting the data. The first was by acquiring the transcription of the film. The film script was downloaded from The Screenplay Database on September 8, 2015.
The second was by examining all 160 scenes and classifying certain scenes containing a potentially presupposed meaning in an utterance uttered by the
characters in the film script. The third was discharging the scenes that did not have the utterance that might have potentially presupposed meaning, for it was
unnecessary in accomplishing the objectives of this study. The last was putting all of the presupposed meaning into a further examination to discover the prominent
ideologies behind the presupposed meaning.=
2. Data Analysis
In order to utilize the data into a further examination, this study used presupposition on every sentences uttered by the characters. The main aim of
examining the sentences further by using presupposition was to present the presupposed meaning on the characters
’ utterances. This method could be done by PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
using Yule’s theory of presupposition in order to validate the presupposed meaning behind the characters
’ utterances. In some cases, such as presenting the presupposed meaning through lexical and non-factive presupposition, a lexical
semantic approach was employed. In order to find the meaning of certain words that might give better understanding on the presupposed meaning, this study
refered to the eighth edition of Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. The
presupposed meaning would not be the final outcome of the analysis, for the presupposed meaning might carry certain ideas beyond the language use.
Consequently, the presupposed meaning would be the basis of the film Milk ’s
prominent ideologies in the context of 1970s characterized in Black’s film script. In order to find out the prominent ideologies behind the characters
’ utterances, CDA was employed in the process of analysis. Knowing that CDA
could relate certain language use with a specific context, this study aimed to relate the presupposed meaning to the context of gay liberation in the 1970s led by
Harvey Milk. Consequently, the presupposed meaning would be interpreted as the depiction of what was happening during the 1970s in San Francisco. Then, the
presupposed meaning would be related to what kind of belief or aim that the film carried during the context of gay liberation in 1970s. After that, this belief or aim
could be translated to the ideologies that the film carries in order to improve the condition of inequality in San Francisco during the 1970s.
