Loanblend and Its Translation Procedure

2. Loanblend and Its Translation Procedure

a. Based on English Literary Terms of A Glossary of Literary Terms, the meaning of epic is a long verse narrative on a serious subject, told in a formal and elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose actions depends the fate of a tribe, a nation, or in the instance of John Miltons Paradise Lost the human race. 27 In Indonesian literary terms of Kamus Istilah Sastra, epic means prosa atau puisi kisahan panjang tentang perbuatan kesatria dan pahlawan, berisi cerita kepahlawanan, berisi cerita kepahlawanan yang menggabungkan mitos, legende, cerita rakyat, dan sejarah.” 28 The translator translated the word epic into epik, based on the dictionary both English and Indonesian, it has the same meaning. The translator has done correctly to translate that term. 27 M. H. Abrams, Op. cit. P. 76 28 Abdul Rozak Zaidan, Anita Restapa, Haniah, Op. cit.p. 218 SL : Epic Theory of Literature “The epic poet uses first person” TL : Epik Teori Kesusastraan “Penyair epik memakai sudut pandang orang pertama”. This term typed into loanblend, with adding suffix “K”, so the SL w ord “Epic” must be “Epik” in TL. The English word that has suffix -c it must be change into suffix –k to be Indonesian word, but the meaning is the same. The translator is maintaining the meaning and spelling with “naturalization” procedure. The translator takes meaning of foreign word than the word is absorbed with the process of writing and spelling based on Indonesian rules. b. Based on English Literary Terms of A Glossary of Literary Terms, the meaning of allusion is a passing reference, without explicit identification, to a literary or historical person, place, or event, or to another literary work or passage. 29 29 M. H. Abrams, Op. cit.p. 9 SL : Allusion Theory of Literature “Biblical allusion as a form of characterizing economy” TL : Alusi Teori Kesusastraan “Menunjukkan bagaimana alusi Bibel dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai suatu cara ekonomis untuk mencirikan watak tokoh”. In Indonesian literary terms of Kamus Istilah Sastra, allusion means acuan tidak langsung ke suatu objek tokoh atau peristiwa dalam sastra, sejarah, atau seni lain, yang bisa berkisar dari yang universal sampai ke yang samar dan sekejap. 30 The translator translated the word allusion into alusi, based on the dictionary both English and Indonesian, it has the same meaning. The translator has done correctly to translate that term. This term typed into loanblend. The synonym of allusion is alusi in Indonesian with changing suffix of the SL “ion” to be “si” in Indonesian. Literal translation is not the right method because that word has a long definition. The procedure of translation is “naturalization” that changing the form. The SL word allusion has equivalence word in Indonesian, that is alusi. The word has been familiar in literature term that will make the reader will be clearly understand of the text. It is Indonesian rule by reducing where the word with suffix “ion” in English. 30 Abdul Rozak Zaidan, Anita Restapa, Haniah, Op. cit.p. 102 c. Based on English Literary Terms of The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, the meaning of is Figure of speech that replaces the name of one thing with the name of something else closely associeted with it. 31 In Indonesian literary terms of Kamus Istilah Sastra, metonymic means jenis sinekdok yang berupa penggantian nama objek atau gagasan dengan kata lain yang ada gagasannya. 32 The translator translated the word metonymic into metonimia, based on the dictionary both English and Indonesian, it has the same meaning. The translator has done correctly to translate that term. 31 Chris Baldick, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, New York: Oxford University Press, 2001, p. 154 32 Abdul Rozak Zaidan, Anita Restapa, Haniah, Op. cit. p. 130 SL : Metonymic Theory of Literature “Maybe viewed as metonymic, metaphoric, expressions of character” TL : Metonimia Teori Kesusastraan “Dapat dianggap berfungsi sebagai metonimia, atau metafora, ekspresi dari tokohnya”. This term typed into loanblend, because suffix of the SL word is changed into metonimia in Indonesian. Indonesian has been already used this word that commonly used in literary term. The procedure that used is “naturalization” procedure, it has equivalence in Indonesian. So the translator is only takes meaning of the English word which is absorbed and both writing and spelling is changed based on the Indonesian rules. The TL word metonimia is experience changing spell from the original word metonymic. d. Based on English Literary Terms of A Glossary of Literary Terms, the meaning of metaphor is a departure from the literal that is, the standard use of language which serves as a condensed or elliptical simile, in that it involves an implicit comparison between two disparate things. 33 33 M. H. Abrams, Op. cit.p. 155 SL : Metaphoric Theory of Literature “Maybe viewed as metonymic, metaphoric, expressions of character”. TL : Metafora Teori Kesusastraan “Dapat dianggap berfungsi sebagai metonimia, atau metafora, ekspresi dari tokohnya”. In Indonesian literary terms of Kamus Istilah Sastra, metaphor means majas yang mengandung perbandingan yang tersirat yang menyamakan hal yang satu dengan hal yang lain.” 34 The translator translated the word metaphoric into metafora, based on the dictionary both English and Indonesian, it has the same meaning. The translator has done correctly to translate that term. This term typed into loanblend. The SL word “Metaphoric” is changed into TL word as “Metafora” where the letter ”ph” becomes “f” in Indonesian and the suffix is also changed into “a” becomes Metafora in Indonesian. Loan element that process of writing and pronouncing are adjusted with Indonesian language principle. It is used “naturalization” translation procedure. If the SL word “Metaphoric” is translated literally, it will have long definition that will make the reader confused with the text. So that is why the translator chooses to use “Metafora” as TL text, because word “Metafora” has been familiar in literary area and it will make the reader easier to understand the text clearly. 34 Abdul Rozak Zaidan, Anita Rustapa, Haniah, Opcit. p.129 e. Based on English Literary Terms of A Glossary of Literary Terms, the meaning of theme is sometimes used interchangeably with motif, but the term is more usefully applied to a general concept or doctrine, whether implicit or asserted, which an imaginative work is designed to incorporate and make persuasive to the reader. 35 In Indonesian literary terms of Kamus Istilah Sastra, theme means gagasan, ide, pikiran utama, atau pokok pembicaraan di dalam karya satra yang dapat dirumuskan dalam kalimat pernyataan. 36 The translator translated the word theme into tema, based on the dictionary both English and Indonesian, it has the same meaning. The translator has done correctly to translate that term. 35 M. H. Abrams, Op. cit.p. 169 36 Abdul Rozak Zaidan, Anita Rustapa, Haniah, Opcit. p. 204 SL : Theme Theory of Literature “In the Canterburg Tales, suc grouping of themes e.g. marriage.” TL : Tema Teori Kesusastraan “Dalam Canterburg Tales, pengelompokkan tema- tema misalnya tema perkawinan”. This term typed into loanblend, because this word is adopted from English term theme, where the suffix “e” was changed into “a” tobe tema in Indonesian. If the SL word “theme” is translated literally, it will have long definition that will make the reader confused with the text. The translation found the right procedure, that is “naturalization” procedure that experiencing blending form into tema. The meaning of SL to TL has the same meaning. This translation is useful for understanding the translation text of literary term because of similarity of meaning text. f. Based on English Literary Terms of The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms, the meaning of irony is a mode of SL : Irony Theory of Literature “This characters are puppet he has manufactured is doubtless a species of this literary irony”. TL : Ironi Teori Kesusastraan “Tokoh-tokohnya adalah boneka yang diciptakannya, bukan manusia hidup. Kecenderungan ini termasuk dalam spesies ironi sastra”. discourse for conveying meanings different from, and usually opposite to, the professed or ostensible ones. 37 In Indonesian literary terms of Kamus Istilah Sastra, irony means majas yang berisi pernyataan yang mengandung pertentangan antara yang dikatakan dan kenyataan yang ada, ketidaksesuaian antara harapan dan kenyataan yang dihadapi. 38 The translator translated the word irony into ironi, based on the dictionary both English and Indonesian, it has the same meaning. The translator has done correctly to translate that term. This term typed into loanblend, it is included as loanblend type of borrowing word. It has experienced blending form of the original word because the suffix –y in the original word is turned to the suffix –i into target word. The data analysis used “naturalization” as its procedure, the sentence meaning does not change far away because word irony has ironi as TL translation that clearly have the same meaning. So the translation is easier to understand. 37 Peter Chlids and Roger Fowler, The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms,Routledge: London and New York, 2006, p. 123 38 Abdul Rozak Zaidan, Anita Rustapa, Haniah, Opcit. p. 90 g. Based on English Literary Terms of A Glossary of Literary Terms, the meaning of soliloquy is the act of talking to oneself, whether silently or aloud. In drama it denotes the convention by which a character, alone on the stage, utters his or her thoughts aloud. 39 In Indonesian literary terms of Kamus Istilah Sastra, solilokui as same as senandika, that is percakapan seorang diri yang dilakukan oleh seorang tokoh dalam cerita rekaan atau drama yang berfungsi mengungkapkan perasaan, pikiran, konflik batinnya yang paling dalam. 40 The translator translated the word soliloquy into solilokui, based on the dictionary both English and Indonesian, it has the same meaning. The translator has done correctly to translate that term. This term typed into loanblend. The word solilokui was borrowed the English word of soliloquy. It has experienced 39 M. H. Abrams, Op. cit.p. 289 40 Abdul Rozak Zaidan, Anita Rustapa, Haniah, Opcit. p. 185 SL : Soliloquy Theory of Literature “the shakespearean soliloquy is one ancestor.” TL : Solilokui Teori Kesusastraan “Nenek moyangnya adalah solilokui dalam drama Shakespeare” blending form of the original word because the letter “q” was changed into “k” in TL and the suffix –y in the original word is turned to the suffix –i into target word. The translation procedure that used is “naturalization” procedure to translate the word because that word has the equivalence. This translation is acceptable because that makes the reader is easier to understand the text.

3. Loan Shift and Its Translation Procedure