Background of The Study

1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of The Study

As a globalization era, language develops in specific department such as business, politic, education, engineering, literature and many more. Because of that, every language has its own terminology. Kerap states, “ In any modern communication, every language has obtained or taken one or more words from other languages” 1 . In the other word, the Indonesian language borrows word from English language or other language. Language is an important aspect in human life, because language is a communication tool between humans to deliver their ideas. Catford defines that language as a type of human behavior and the ways of human being interacts each other in social life. 2 All people speak to communicate each other through language, both written and oral. Language can be spoken oral and also can be written text. In the written language, form aspect is text which is read and can be absorbed in mind, and the meaning aspect means how the readers interpret the text of what they read. Meaning aspect can be seen more broadly and usually called as message in the Translation Theory. Translation Theories were born 1 Goris Kerap. Teori dan Seni Menerjemahkan, Jakarta: Nusa Indah, 1980, p.24. 2 J.C. Catford, A Linguistic Theory of Translation London: Oxford University Press, 1965 because of a number of senior and academies have experiences in studying translation and also because of many creations are translated now. Translation is a very useful job in our life, not only for getting the information, but also for understanding each other. Today, translation becomes one thing that cannot be avoided. Translation is transferring someone’s mind concept from one language to the other language. In the translation process, there is always a shift, so the translation text can change message and meaning sense the writer of source text. That happened because language that is used by people is always dynamic, based on the times and place. So language will always develop based on period and place. Translation from one language to another language is not an easy work. In translation, delivering message is an important thing. Besides it is important, translation is a difficult job. The difficulties of understanding and getting the message from the media of other language is often happened. So that, good quality translation is needed to produce translation text which can be understood and the message can be delivered to the readers without increasing the message of source text. Quality of translation is needed for understanding the message of target text. Good translation can be only produced by a translator who has high qualification, because translation process involves two language, they are source language SL and target language TL. So, to produce good translation, a translator should understand cultures of countries for giving an idea dan meaning from source language to target language. Translating science books from foreign language to Indonesian is the important way, because it will get two benefits. First, translation will help us to get knowledge information easily. Second, translation is a process for Indonesian language become knowledge aspects. Borrowing becomes an important part in linguistics study , because we communicate with different language and culture, so that many people use foreign language in their communication to make their communication easily and understanding each other. There are so many borrowing words from English that used in Indonesian, not only word but also phrase. Borrowing is the process of borrowing word from foreign languages. 3 Borrowing happened when a language add one word or morpheme from other language into that word. That also often happened in communication, that is when speaker communicate with other people in different language. Pronunciation of Borrowing word often changes because that is for matching the phonological aspect of that borrowed language. In translation, Borrowing is translation technique from source language into target language. For example, in English word “ambition” means “a strong hope“, but after borrowed tobe “ambisi” in Indonesian, it means a desire to have a power and has a negative meaning. 3 Martina Wagner, Word Formation Proccesses: How new words Developin the English Languages, Ms Kraft Winter Term 2010 p. 6 Although Indonesian language has many equivalent words, some translators prefer to use borrowing words because of several reasons.such as the translators do not realize that the borrowing words have Indonesian equivalent words, in order to make the target readers understand the message easily. Consequently, this study will analyze the comprehension of borrowing words of literature terminology from Theory of Literature book by Rene Wellek and Austin Werren which translated in Teori Kesusastraan book by Melani Budianta.

B. Focus of The Study