but she also does not want to take it because of her previous learning Worchel Chooper, 1979, p. 461.
4. Double approach- avoidance
There are two kinds of double-avoidance conflict. There are two goals in the first kind. Both of the purposes have bad and good features. There are also two
goals in the second kind but every goal has two bad and two good features. The example of double approach-avoidance is about the choice that Oswald has to
make. He has to choose whether taking Attica by force or by negotiation with the inmates Worchel Chooper, 1979, p. 461.
d. Conflict Resolution
When Kimberly Chang encounters some conflicts in her life, she attempts to solve them. Hence, it is necessary to know several kinds of resolving conflicts
especially the conflicts of the main charac ter in Jean Kwok’s Girl in Translation.
Conflict resolution is a general description indicating to a limit of solving disagreement types which may be showed clearly at different degree of society
Sanson Bretherton, 2007, p.1. There are five approaches to coping with conflict according to Isenhart and Spagle 2000. They are negotiation,
meditation, facilitation, arbitration, and judicial processes. The first way is negotiation. Negotiation is one of the approaches to
resolving conflict which enganges the principle of respecting the relationship. Actually, there are two kinds of negotiation. They are integrative and distributive
negotiation. Integrative negotiation is a helpful, “problem-solving process”, the
desired result is to make as great as possible the importance between two individuals. At the same time integrative negotiation also keeps the connection.
Whereas distributive negotiation is different from integrative negotiation. Distributive negotiation is also known as bargaining. A bargainer tries to obtain
the desired result at the cost of other people, take part in games to obtain a benefit in the series of steps taken toward achieving the goal, and force through a very
firm and forceful request p. 45. The second way is mediation. Mediation needs a third person or mediator
involved in resolving the conflict. The third person has to be an unbiased person. Shehe does not state one’s position forcefully in the result. The third party does
not have authority to force a judgement after considering something to be accepted. However, he or she has to help the “disputants” make a decision by not
involving in conflict discussion series of action that the desired result is to solve the argument p.72.
Isenhart and Spagle 2000 suggest four mediation activities. The first is mediation should be a safe context. It means that the mediator should create a
circumstance that enables the subjects of conflict to share their problem safely. Second, the mediation activity should change the focus of discussion. The
mediator should change the concern of the discussion from blaming statement to the discussion that allows the subjects to share their feeling. The third is the
ability of mediator to indentify and clarify the central or underlying issues. When the tension of conflict becomes high, the subjects of the conflict will not easily
find the solution. Therefore, the mediator should supply the parties to see
