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contents. Sixth, little knows about how to make use of Internet- based materials or how to design tasks that allow learners to explore these materials and yield
expected learning outcomes. Seventh, there is pedagogical changing because the use of networked computing environment will lead to different ways of teaching
and learning from the traditional language classrooms. Eight, there are still limitations on navigations and hyperlink structures in the networked learning
environment, which can make learners get lost.
e. Five Types of Computer Programs
Rude 1986 mentions 5 types of computer program, as follows. 1 Drill and practice. This program helps to correct the student’s mistakes.
2 Tutorial. As the title, the program is able to present information consisting of rules, explanation, principles, charts, tables, and exercises.
3 Educational games. Here, the user can learn more aspects of life provided by the program. The aspects include physiological, mental, and social skills.
4 Educational simulations. These programs are designed to experience real- world happenings.
5 Teacher utilities software. Here, the teachers are aided with programs to design teaching materials for the students.
5. Hot Potatoes Software
This design uses Hot Potatoes as the CALL software. Hot Potatoes HP is a set of software tools produced by the University of VictoriaHalf-baked
Software as cited on http:www.compapp.dcu.ie anonymous, n.d. Learning by
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using computer-based media is considered as play rather than the regular class activities. It will reduce the learners’ tension in learning. Langer 1989, as cited
on http:www.compapp.dcu.ie, says that play is ‘mindfulness’ in his statement as follows.
Ironically, although work may often be accomplished mindlessly, with a sense of certainty, play is almost always mindful. People take risks and
involve themselves in their play … In play, there is no reason not to take some risks.
Langer 1989 also states that the change of context to a ‘play’ environment should help to break down some of the attitudinal barriers that
weaker students build up through previous repeated failures, what he refers to as ‘learned helplessness’ “Hot Potatoes pdf,” n.d.. Besides, games those offer
repetition in viewing words usually to work better in developing a core set of English words to build on “Using,” 2008.
Moreover, HP software implies reflecting teaching. It is because there is a program that leads the designer the teacher to provide some encouragement as
the feedback to the learners in doing the tasks. There are 5 main programs in Hot Potatoes version 6 software, namely J-
Cloze, J-Quiz, J-Cross, J-Mix, and J-Match. First, J-Cloze, the designer is offered to make close tasks by filling the gap. Second, J-Quiz allows the designer to
create quizzes in the form of multiple-choice, short-answer leading the learner to write the answers to the questions partly correct, hybrid leading the learner to
write the answers to the questions completely correct, and multi-select leading the learner to choose more than one answer provided. Third, J-Cross allows the
designer to create crosswords puzzle. Fourth, J-Mix allows the designer to create
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scrambled-sentences or paragraphs. Fifth, J-Match allows the teacher to create matching and sequencing exercise on two column items, and it can be inserted
pictures, graphics, and images to create more interesting learning “Language,” n.d.. J-Cloze, J-Cross, and J-Mix provide students to ask for hint and then they
can know the single correct letter of the answer “Hot Potatoes v.6,” n.d..
6. Curriculum
