Using Computer Theoretical Framework

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B. Theoretical Framework

In the first section, the writer has presented the theories used in this study. The theories are the fundamental literature to help the writer in designing a set of computer-based media using Hot Potatoes Software to facilitate independent learning. Otherwise, this section would present the theoretical framework of this study. There are five main parts of the theoretical framework, on the following page.

1. Using Computer

The roles of computer in the study are the same as the first and the second roles of computer according to Taylor, as cited by Levy 1997, namely computer as a tutor and as a tool p. 83. In the computer as a tutor, the computer acts to deliver the exercises, responds to the answer of the students, and provides feedback as the evaluation of the students’ respond. Besides, in the computer as the tool role, the computer plays as the equipment or the medium to support language learning. However, the existence of the English teacher to teach and to facilitate the learners is still needed and necessary. Next, according to Kenning and Kenning 1983 there are four advantages of using computer in the study p. 2-3. First, it offers privacy so that it allows them to learn at their own pace. Second, it is patient and will tirelessly go over the same points for as long as is neccessary. Third, it gives individual attention to the learner at the console and replies to him because it leads the learner to know the correct and incorrect answers included the explanation of both answers. Fourth, it PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 31 has a beneficial effect on learner motivation. Motivation is intrinsic factor that leads the students at a good learning progress. Moreover, there are two more advantages of the computer in this study that are first, it makes the students to be more familiar with computer operation. Hence, they will be able to use and utilize technology development in the learning process. Second, it will facilitate independent learning method where the students can practice the English learning at their own pace. Considering the disadvantages of using computer-based media, the writer reveals that the school has provided a computer laboratory equipped with online computer, so the school does not face the financial barriers problems related to the cost of providing online computer facility. Besides, the materials, made by the writer, had been validated by the English teacher. Therefore, the students do not need to search the materials individually, but it still needs internet connection to access the materials. Regarding the selected and prepared materials, it is expected that the students are able to improve their basic tenses comprehension. In addition, the way of learning will change because by using computer-based media, the context ‘play’ to learn English emerges. Hence, the learning becomes more entertaining and indirectly this way of learning may change their thought that English was difficult.

2. The Roles of Teachers as The User of certain Software