28
B. Research Setting
The study was conducted at SD N Jaranan. The school is located at Dusun Jaranan, Banguntapan Bantul. The researcher chose the fifth graders as the object
of the study. It is due to the students of fifth grades lack of vocabulary. The writer conducted the research and collected the information in April 2012. Then, the
writer implemented the designed materials in June 2012. The schedule was on Saturday from 07.00 until 08.20.
C. Research Participants
There were two groups of participants in this study. The first group was participants of conducting need survey. They were the fifth grade students of SD
N Jaranan and the English teacher. The second group was the participants of the evaluation. They were the English teachers and an English lecturer. The
information about the participants is stated as follows.
1. The Participants of Research and Information Collecting
In this step the writer divided into two. They were the English teacher of SD N Jaranan and the students of the fifth graders. Here, the writer conducted a
formal interview in order to collect information about the teacher’s strategies or techniques to deliver the materials and students’ difficulties in learning process.
The writer also distributed the questionnaire to thirty five students of the fifth grade of SD N Jaranan to obtain the students’ needs, interests, and difficulties
faced during the learning process.
29
2. The Participants of Evaluation
In this part, the writer involved some experts as the participants. They were the English teachers and an English lecturer. They were involved in this
study because the writer considered their experiences of dealing with the young learners. In this phase, the writer distributed the questionnaire in order to get
opinions, feedback, and suggestions toward the designed materials. The result was important to be a basis for improving the designed materials. The description of
the participants will be presented in the table 3.1.
Table 3.1. The Description of the Participants
Participants Sex
Educational Background
Teaching Experience year
F M S1
S2 S3
1-5 6-10
11-15 16-20
English Teacher
English Lecturer
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
In order to gain the valid data, the writer used some instruments such as observations, interview, and questionnaire. Those instruments were used in
conducting need survey and evaluation. The detailed information will be explained below.
1.
Instrument for Research and Information Collecting
In order to obtain the data in need survey, the writer conducted observation, interview, and questionnaire.At the beginning, the writer conducted
observation. The writer conducted observations twice. The purpose was to know
30 the students’ characteristics or behaviour while learning English. The writer also
conducted a formal interview to the English teacher of SD N Jaranan. At last, the writer distributed the questionnaire to the students. Interview and questioonaire
were employed in order to get information on the students’ needs. 2.
Instruments for Evaluation
In this step, the writer only used the questionnaire. The writer distributed the questionnaire to the expert participants. They were two English teachers and
an English instructor. The aim of distributing the questionnaire was to get the jugement, opinion, suggestion, feedback, and comments toward the designed
materials. The writer would use the result of the questionnaire to revise the designed materials.
E. Data Analysis Technique
In this part, the researcher analyzed the data that had been gathered. The data was gathered from the questionnaire of need survey and evaluation. The first data was
questionnaire which was taken from the students’ questionnaire in need survey. The analysis of the first data was formed in a percentage. The result was obtained
by dividing the total number of the students who choose certain answer with the total number of students. Then, it was multiplied by 100. The result of the first
data used to gain the information of the students’ needs and the difficulties faced by the students during the process of learning vocabulary. The way to calculate
the percentage was stated below. In order to interpret the result, the writer made the interpretation of the result of the questionnaire in the form of paragraph.
31
Notes:
n: the total number of the students who choose certain answer N: the total number of the students
The second data was from the experts’ questionnaires in conducting evaluation. In analyzing the data, the writer used Likert’s Scale. The Likert Scale
was a scale with a number of points. The writer used four options of agreement based on Likert’s Scale in the questionnaire. The points of agreement will be
presented in the table below.
Table 3.2. The Points of Agreement Points of Agreement
Meanings
1 Strongly Disagree
2 Disagree 3 Agree
4 Strongly Agree
The writer calculated the data to find the percentage of the participants’ opinion toward the designed materials. After calculating the data, the writer
presented the result in the form of table. The table can be seen below.
Table 3.3. Table Participants’ Opinion No Statements
Points of Agreement Percentage
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
x 100
32
F. Research Procedures
Kategori