45. The effects of shopping are
feel
so happy and free
The effects of shopping are feeling so happy and free
Misinformation is the error in these samples because the students used the wrong verb+ing form. The students used the bare infinitive
instead of verb+ing. This error might occur because the students do not understand the use of gerund as subjective complement.
b. Misinformation of Past Irregular Verb
Original Sentence Reconstruction
46. Their difficulty is found
the main idea
Their difficulty is finding the main
idea
Related to the sample above, the students used the wrong verb+ing form. T
he students used “found” instead of “finding”. “Found” is the past irregular verb form that is not proper with the structure of the
sentece. This error might occur because of the students’ lack of
knowledge about the use of gerund as subjective complement.
4. Misordering error
Misordering error is the incorrect placement of a morpheme or group of morphemes in an utterance. There is 37 misordering error in using gerund as
subjective complement.
Original Sentence Reconstruction
47. They enjoyig it.
They enjoy it.
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Misordering is the error in this sample. It is because the students used the wrong order of verb+ing. There must not be a gerund. It is
because a subject must be followed by a verb directly, not by a noun. This error might occur because the students do not understand the use of
gerund well.
4.2.4. Kinds of Errors in Using Gerund after Preposition
Gerunds must be used when verbs are put after preposition. Prepositions usually follow verbs, adjective, or noun. Verbs that are placed after preposition
must be in gerund form. There are 160 errors in using gerund after preposition made by the students. The errors consist of omission, addition, misinformation
and misordering error. 1.
Omission Error Omission is an error of leaving out an item that is required for an utterance to
be considered grammatical. There are 40 errors of omitting items in gerund after preposition found in data.
a. Omission of “ing”
Original Sentence Reconstruction
48. In her letter, my friend said
that she was looking forward to hear from me
again.
49. Julia is very pleased with
get the desired exam result.
In her letter, my friend said that she was looking forward to hearing from
me again. Julia is very pleased with getting the
desired exam result.
Related to the samples above, the students omitted ing of the verbs after preposition that must appear in those sentences. Thomson and
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Martinet 1969:159 states that when a verb is placed immediately after a preposition the gerund form must be used. I think the factor of the
students producing this error because of the students’ lack of knowledge to add ing form to the verbs if they are preceded by a preposition. They
do not understand the use of gerund after preposition well.
b. Omission of Consonant L
etter “t”
Original Sentence Reconstruction
50. Julia is very pleased with
geting the desired exam
result.
Julia is very pleased with getting the desired exam result.
Omission is the error in this sample. It is because the students omitted the consonant letter “t” in writing the verb+ing. The error occurs
because the students get interference in using double consonant letter to certain verbs if they get addition of ed or ing. The final single consonant
letter that stands after a short stressed vowel is doubled before adding ed or ing.
http:usefulenglish.ruwritingadding-endings-ed-ing-to-verbs ..
2. Addition Error
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