CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
This chapter is divided into three parts. The first is subject matter, which concerns the novel that is observed in the study. Second is approach of the study,
which states the approach used in the study. The last is procedure, which deals with the steps taken to complete the analysis.
3.1 Subject Matter
This study analyses a novel by Toni Morrison, The Bluest Eye. The novel was published in 1970 by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. It was written during the years of
some of the most dynamic and turbulent transformations of Afro-American life. The novel has 206 pages and was published by Plume, New York, USA in 1970.
The Bluest Eye is divided into an untitled prelude and four large units, each named after a season. The four larger units begins with “Autumn” and end in
“Summer”, in which unit is divided into smaller sections. The major character in this novel is Pecola Breedlove. An eleven-year-old girl
who is the victim of her own parents. There are many characters such as MacTeer’s family, Maureen Peal, Cholly Breedlove, Pauline Breedlove, Soaphead Church,
Geraldine, etc. This study focuses on one major character namely Pecola Breedlove. She
represents a child who suffers family abuses. Her parents, Pauline Breedlove and Cholly Breedlove do not treat Pecola well that cause Pecola behave abnormally. That
is why I apply some psychological theories in this study. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
3.2 Approach of the Study
In order to analyze the abnormal behavior of Pecola that is majorly caused by her parents, I use psychological approach and theory about family to answer the
problem formulated in the previous chapter. It means that I am going to discuss the characters from psychological perspective, specifically the abnormal behavior.
According to Rohrberger and Woods, psychological approach is an approach to literature which involves the effort to locate and demonstrate certain recurrent patterns
and which refers to a different body of knowledge, that is Psychology. The main character behaves abnormally because her own parents abandon her.
This analysis is closely related to the psychological development. Therefore, psychological approach is applied in this study to answer the problems which are
related to psychological field. Furthermore, I also use theories on family to help me to understand the children’s behavior influenced by their parents’ behavior. Thus, it is
clear why I apply psychological approach in analyzing the abnormal behavior of Pecola.
3.3 Method of the Study
In this study, the method I used in gathering the data was library research. There are two kinds of sources that are used. They are primary and secondary sources.
The primary source is the novel itself that is Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye. The secondary sources are some sources related to the topic from books, encyclopedia,
undergraduate thesis, and Internet sources. The secondary sources namely An Introduction to Social Psychology, Introduction to Psychology.
Many steps were taken in conducting this study. The first step was reading the novel several times to get deeper understanding about the character, their behavior,
attitudes, and psychological states. The second step was making mind mapping about the characters that are going to be discussed. The third was making the outline of this
study. The fourth was finding out the characters’ strange behavior that was caused by
lack of family support. The fifth step was explaining the character’s characteristics based on the abnormal behavior. The sixth step was finding out how the character’s
parents affect her behavior and applying some theories to answer the questions in the problem formulation. The last one was drawing conclusion based on the analysis. The
conclusion would be a summary of the previous chapter, showing that the central point of the study has reached its goal.
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