criticisms. There are many critics and literary experts who try to analyze her work. They also give comments and criticisms on her. Her works have been seen not only as
exemplifying the struggle of a particular people, but also as illustrating the problems and emotions of all human beings. She is admired for her use of language and her
interesting narrative devices. Those criticisms, comments, ideas, and appreciations have given the
contributions to literature directly and indirectly. They give the contributions directly because they dedicate those criticisms to the author himselfherself or to the work of
literature. The purpose of those criticisms are aimed to let the authors know what their strengths and weaknesses are, so the authors may improve the work of literature based
on those criticisms. The authors also have a chance to acknowledge and to focus on the weaknesses in themselves; so, they can be more motivated to improve.
Sue Houchins states that Toni Morrison focuses almost exclusively on African- American
characters, and
draws upon
black folk
traditions http:www.georgetown.edubassrheathsyllabuildiguidemorrison.html accessed on
April 20, 2008. It is true that in all of her literary works, such as dramas and novels, she uses African-American people as the major characters. Although Toni Morrison
also put some white characters in her novels, but they do not have the major roles and do not play as much roles as the African-American characters do. In her novel, The
Bluest Eye that I used as the primary source of this study, we can see that most and main characters are dominated by Afro-American people.
2.3 Theoretical Framework
This analysis needs some theories to answer the problems which are mentioned in the previous chapter. They are theory of critical approaches and some theories
related to family and the psychological development of children. The theory of character and characterization is used to analyze Pecola’s parents, Pauline and Cholly
Breedlove. This theory is used to see how Pecola’s parents categorize in bad parental behavior toward their child.
The theory of children psychological development and behavior are used to analyze how Pecola suffer from disorder behavior. While, the two theories about the
influence of parental behavior on children’s behavior and family are used to analyze how Pecola’s parents treat her in the wrong way that is not supposed to be and that
gives a very bad impact on Pecola’s psychological development. The last theory is the factors that influencing abnormal behavior is used to analyzed how Pecola’s parents is
the main factor of the abnormal behavior that Pecola suffers from. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
This chapter is divided into three parts. The first is subject matter, which concerns the novel that is observed in the study. Second is approach of the study,
which states the approach used in the study. The last is procedure, which deals with the steps taken to complete the analysis.
3.1 Subject Matter
This study analyses a novel by Toni Morrison, The Bluest Eye. The novel was published in 1970 by Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. It was written during the years of
some of the most dynamic and turbulent transformations of Afro-American life. The novel has 206 pages and was published by Plume, New York, USA in 1970.
The Bluest Eye is divided into an untitled prelude and four large units, each named after a season. The four larger units begins with “Autumn” and end in
“Summer”, in which unit is divided into smaller sections. The major character in this novel is Pecola Breedlove. An eleven-year-old girl
who is the victim of her own parents. There are many characters such as MacTeer’s family, Maureen Peal, Cholly Breedlove, Pauline Breedlove, Soaphead Church,
Geraldine, etc. This study focuses on one major character namely Pecola Breedlove. She
represents a child who suffers family abuses. Her parents, Pauline Breedlove and Cholly Breedlove do not treat Pecola well that cause Pecola behave abnormally. That
is why I apply some psychological theories in this study. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
