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Table 7.6: Poverty headcount, share of poor and total population, by selected household head labour market outcomes in percentages
a
Household heads labour market characteristics Poverty rate
Share of poor Share of
population
Activity status
Employed 37.1
56.7 59.8
Underemployed 43.9
18.6 16.5
Unemployed 43.1
14.9 13.6
Inactive 37.8
9.8 10.1
Status in employment
Day labourer 50.3
28.1 21.6
Salaried worker, private sector 30.8
5.9 7.5
salaried worker, public sector 24.5
9.1 14.4
Self-employed 38.7
45.8 45.9
Employer 37.7
2.3 2.3
Unpaid family worker 40.8
8.7 8.3
Economic sector
Agriculture 46.3
45.0 37.6
Mining and quarrying 56.2
0.3 0.2
Manufacturing 33.1
2.3 2.7
Construction 48.5
20.9 16.6
Trade, restaurant 32.3
12.8 15.4
Transportation and communication 25.9
5.0 7.4
Finance 31.1
1.0 1.2
Community, social- and personal services 26.3
12.8 18.8
a
Excludes Helmand and Khost provinces. All the estimates are based on imputed poverty rates.
7.4.3 Characteristics of children in the household
Apart from the characteristics of the household head, characteristics of other household members may also be linked to poverty.
Table 7.7
presents some attributes of children that potentially relates to the consequences of being in poverty. In developing countries, children make significant economic
contribution to their household income, particularly for poorer households. Typically children are engaged in child labour
38
in times of pressing needs to supplement household income. Child labour is widely believed to be detrimental for children’s health and human capital formation. Since human
capital accumulation is fundamental to improving one’s quality of life, child labour can perpetuate poverty by hindering intergenerational mobility of children. Table 7.7 shows that the poverty rate is
much higher in households with at least one child engaged in child labour compared to those without child labour. Similarly, the poverty rate progressively increases for households with more children
engaged in child labour.
38
For a definition and information on child labour, see section 5.5 of this report.
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Table 7.7: Poverty headcount, share of poor and total population, by selected child characteristics in percentages
a
Children characteristics of the household Poverty
Headcount Share of poor
Distribution of the population
Child Labour
No children aged 5-17 involved in child labour 38.9
71.4 75.4
At least one child aged 5-17 working as child labourer 47.8
28.6 24.6
Number of children aged 5-17 working as child labourer 36.7
49.8 55.6
1 42.5
17.6 17.0
2 47.0
15.6 13.7
3 or more 50.9
16.9 13.7
School Attendance
None of children aged 7-12 attending school 53.0
39.3 32.2
Some of children aged 7-12 attending school 47.7
23.7 21.6
All of the children aged 7-12 attending school 34.7
37.0 46.2
a
Excludes Helmand and Khost provinces. All the estimates are based on imputed poverty rates.
Looking into the school attendance of primary school aged children show that the poverty rate is almost 20 percentage point higher for households where none of the children between the ages of 7-12 is
attending school, compared to household where all the children in the age group attend school. Although access and availability of schools is an important factor in determining school attendance, the profile
gives an indication of the relative disadvantage of poor children in attending school. See also chapter 9 on education, in particular section 9.2.5.
7.4.4 Access to services
