Educational attainment The gender education gap
11.3.3 Educational attainment
Figure 11.6 decomposes the gender gap in educational attainment by five-year age groups and level of education. The graph clearly shows the disadvantaged position of women compared to men in terms of educational attainment. Only a small proportion of women aged 25 and over have any form of education. While 46.4 percent of men 25-29 years old have primary education or higher, a mere 14.2 percent of women had any form of schooling. At older ages the vast majority of women did not get any form of schooling. The efforts to promote girls education clearly shows some results for women below age 25. When 85.8 percent of women in age group 25-29 have no schooling at all, this has dropped to 54.0 percent and 45.5 respectively in the age groups 15 to 19 and 10 to 14 years of age. Although significant progress has been made, young women still lag behind considerably compared to young men in terms of education beyond primary school. For instance, among young men in age group 20 to 24 years, 26.2 percent finished upper secondary school, 4.6 completed teacher college and 11.9 technical college or university. Among young women of the same age group these percentages were respectively 10.1, 3.6 and 3.4 percent. 1.8 2.6 41.8 2.2 0.5 0.0 1.3 1.0 18.3 8.1 3.1 0.5 2.0 7.7 9.1 4.9 1.8 3.9 32.8 0.2 4.3 10.4 1.7 12.2 6.3 2.3 0.3 7.5 4.4 7.1 10 20 30 40 50 No schoolschool too far Child too young Child needed to work Family dont allow School did not allow No female teachers Marriage Poor healthdisability Studied as far as needed Did not like schoolnot learn enough Schooling too expensive School temporary not functioning Security concerns Did not have sufficient grades to contin Other reason Percentage Female Male 189 Figure 11.6: Educational attainment for a males and b females, by five-year age group, and by educational level a. Males b. Females 25 29 40 54 62 64 70 65 69 66 75 79 85 83 88 86 58 12 9 11 10 11 10 11 9 11 8 5 5 8 6 7 16 27 8 8 7 7 5 6 5 6 3 3 2 3 2 3 30 26 16 12 12 9 12 11 11 8 8 4 2 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 12 7 6 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 2 3 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+ P er ce n tag e Age None Primary Lower secondary Upper secondary Teacher college University or Technical college 45 54 71 86 90 91 92 93 94 96 97 98 100 100 99 100 42 11 7 5 4 3 3 3 2 2 12 15 5 3 2 2 18 10 4 3 2 2 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+ P er ce n tag e Age None Primary Lower secondary Upper secondary Teacher college University or Technical college 19011.4 Women in the labour force
Parts
» ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Introduction Stakeholder involvement ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Questionnaire design ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Pilot training and pilot survey Training and selection of field staff
» Sampling design ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Field operations ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Analysis ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Comparability of results ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Data limitations Reporting ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Sex ratio Population structure
» Household structure Household composition
» Marital status distribution Marriage patterns
» The marriage age gap Polygamy
» Afghanistan’s migration context
» Internal recent migrants The stock of internal recent migrants
» Immigrants and immigration International migration
» The migration balance ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Origins and destinations of returnees
» Living conditions of returnees
» Introduction ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Labour force participation ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Overview of employment, underemployment and unemployment
» Comparison over time percent
» Characteristics of the employed and underemployed
» percent ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Characteristics of labour migrants
» Migrants’ labour market performance
» Prevalence of child labour and their conditions of work
» Causes and consequences of child labour
» Household chores and child labour
» Irrigated land Farming and horticulture
» Rain-fed land Farming and horticulture
» Farming input Farming and horticulture
» Horticulture Farming and horticulture
» Sale of animals and animal products Livestock production factors
» Introduction Introduction ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Measuring poverty trends using survey to survey imputation Growth and distribution
» Demographic characteristics Household head characteristics
» Characteristics of children in the household
» Conclusion ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Distribution by residence Distribution by region and province
» Characterisation by asset ownership Characterisation by demographics
» Harvest and lean season’s differences
» Sources of food items by main income source Sources of food items by season
» Coping with shocks ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Educational attendance in residence and gender perspective
» Developments in educational attendance
» Transitions in the education career
» School-life expectancy Population not attending education
» percent Educational attainment ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Literacy ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Sex Gender equity indicators percent percent percent
» Developments in literacy levels
» Sex Introduction ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Access to health services and care-seeking behaviour
» Maternal health ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» percent percent percent ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Breastfeeding ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Head of household In the ALCS 2013-
» Educational attainment The gender education gap
» Women in the labour force percent
» Decision making ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Seclusion ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Women and development ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Tenancy and dwelling characteristics
» Other household amenities percent
» percent CSO staff ICON Steering Committee
» Technical Advisory Committee Chapter authors
» Relationship to head of household Marital status 1 = Married
» Introduction Sample frame Sample size Stratification
» Cluster size and number of clusters Sampling stages and selection process
» Sample design implementation ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Resident population Calculation of sampling weights and post-stratification
» Weights variables The values of the final household sample weight hw
» Data ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Model development ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
» Model selection: cross-validation ALCS 2013 14 Main Report English 20151222
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