Educational attainment The gender education gap

188 Figure 11.5: Main reasons given for persons aged 6-24 years who had ever attended school for not attending school in the year of the survey, by sex

11.3.3 Educational attainment

Figure 11.6 decomposes the gender gap in educational attainment by five-year age groups and level of education. The graph clearly shows the disadvantaged position of women compared to men in terms of educational attainment. Only a small proportion of women aged 25 and over have any form of education. While 46.4 percent of men 25-29 years old have primary education or higher, a mere 14.2 percent of women had any form of schooling. At older ages the vast majority of women did not get any form of schooling. The efforts to promote girls education clearly shows some results for women below age 25. When 85.8 percent of women in age group 25-29 have no schooling at all, this has dropped to 54.0 percent and 45.5 respectively in the age groups 15 to 19 and 10 to 14 years of age. Although significant progress has been made, young women still lag behind considerably compared to young men in terms of education beyond primary school. For instance, among young men in age group 20 to 24 years, 26.2 percent finished upper secondary school, 4.6 completed teacher college and 11.9 technical college or university. Among young women of the same age group these percentages were respectively 10.1, 3.6 and 3.4 percent. 1.8 2.6 41.8 2.2 0.5 0.0 1.3 1.0 18.3 8.1 3.1 0.5 2.0 7.7 9.1 4.9 1.8 3.9 32.8 0.2 4.3 10.4 1.7 12.2 6.3 2.3 0.3 7.5 4.4 7.1 10 20 30 40 50 No schoolschool too far Child too young Child needed to work Family dont allow School did not allow No female teachers Marriage Poor healthdisability Studied as far as needed Did not like schoolnot learn enough Schooling too expensive School temporary not functioning Security concerns Did not have sufficient grades to contin Other reason Percentage Female Male 189 Figure 11.6: Educational attainment for a males and b females, by five-year age group, and by educational level a. Males b. Females 25 29 40 54 62 64 70 65 69 66 75 79 85 83 88 86 58 12 9 11 10 11 10 11 9 11 8 5 5 8 6 7 16 27 8 8 7 7 5 6 5 6 3 3 2 3 2 3 30 26 16 12 12 9 12 11 11 8 8 4 2 3 2 5 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 12 7 6 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 2 3 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+ P er ce n tag e Age None Primary Lower secondary Upper secondary Teacher college University or Technical college 45 54 71 86 90 91 92 93 94 96 97 98 100 100 99 100 42 11 7 5 4 3 3 3 2 2 12 15 5 3 2 2 18 10 4 3 2 2 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+ P er ce n tag e Age None Primary Lower secondary Upper secondary Teacher college University or Technical college 190

11.4 Women in the labour force