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2.9 Analysis
Extensive programmes in Stata software package were revised or developed to perform final data verification-, correction-, editing- and imputation procedures A full dataset was available in July 2015 and
a preliminary report with a limited set of key results was produced in the same month.
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A team of eleven internal and external
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analysts contributed to the present Analysis report. New methodological elements introduced in the analysis of ALCS 2013-14 include the following:
In view of the absence of a full module on food consumption and household expenditure in the 2013-14 round, alternative methods were developed and applied to estimate levels of poverty and
food security. In chapter 7, survey-to-survey imputation is used to estimate poverty on the basis of a set of proxy indicators, which were calibrated with NRVA 2007-08 and 2011-12 data. In chapter
6, the Food Consumption Score FCS is used as a proxy indicator to measure caloric intake and diet quality at household level. In combination with the Coping Strategy Index CSI, this is
assumed to properly indicate the food security situation in Afghanistan.
For the purpose of labour market analysis, the ALCS 2013-14 questionnaire included questions on occupation and industry. Context-specific occupation and industry codes were developed, based
on, respectively ISCO and ISIC classifications. An elaborate section on labour migration is included in the analysis and for the first time an analysis of job earnings is added. Altogether,
chapter 5 provides the most elaborate labour market analysis of Afghanistan to date.
One notable component of chapter 5 is the section on child labour section 5.5. The questionnaire module that provided the information for this section is based on newly developed UNICEF
guidelines for measuring child labour and allows the production of child labour indicators according to both UNICEF and ILO definitions.
For the first time, ALCS is able to produce education transition-, completion- and drop-out rates, as well as the indicator of school life expectancy chapter 9.
2.10 Comparability of results
Comparability between ALCS 2013-14 and previous NRVAs was maintained as much as possible by a largely similar questionnaire design and content for reported indicators, training and data collection
procedures. A new and more appropriate sampling design was introduced for ALCS 2013-14. Whereas this sampling design differed from earlier rounds, all surveys produced representative results at national and
provincial level. Comparability with NRVA 2005 is more limited due to major questionnaire revisions since 2007. In addition, data collection in 2005 was limited to three months, which prevented the seasonal
analysis that can be done on the basis of the latest three surveys. Any comparison with 2005 results in this report should, therefore, be treated with caution.
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The ALCS questionnaire design partially built on major international survey practices, such as the DHS and MICS surveys and standardised labour force surveys. Accordingly, data collection on and analysis of
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Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey 2013-14. Preliminary report. Not published.
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From WFP, World Bank and ILO.
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As sampling design, survey design and questionnaire content of NRVA 2003 were very different from the subsequent rounds, no effort is made here to include its results in any trend analysis.
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education, water and sanitation supply, labour force, child labour and maternal health care are aligned with international practices. In addition, for internationally agreed indicators, and especially MDG indicators,
ALCS applies the standard conceptualisation and definitions. Therefore, many indicators produced in this report embody a high level of international comparability. The report text indicates if, for some reason,
applied definitions deviate from the internationally recommended ones. The annex with concepts and definitions provides the specifications applied in the present analysis Annex VIII.
Due to changes in national and international definitions and guidelines, as well as lessons learned in the history of ALCS and specific data limitations, some indicators in the present report are not directly
comparable to those in previous reports. These notably include the following:
Labour-market indicators: the abbreviated labour module of NRVA 2011-12 introduced a specific bias that prohibits a direct comparison with ALCS 2013-14. Also NRVA 2007-08 had specific
limitations that hamper straight comparison. However, chapter 5 includes a section that re-aligns NRVA 2007-08 data with ALCS 2013-14 in order to produce a trend indication.
In order to align with national and international definitions of improved sanitation, ALCS adopted a new classification. Consequently, the sanitation indicator presented in this report cannot be
compared with those in previous reports. However, the information gap for trend analysis is bridged by producing the indicator according to the new and old definition.
The difference in methodology to estimate food security between ALCS 2013-14 and previous NRVAs does not allow direct comparison.
2.11 Data limitations
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