Definition of Translation INTRODUCTION

commit to user CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Definition of Translation

The transfer of the meaning from one language into another language is the definition of the translation in general. However, in line with the advance of century, many experts develop its definition with different tendency. Newmark 1988 : 5 states ―Translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. ‖Based on the quotation above, it can be said that when a translator translates source language texts into the target language text, heshe should be able to transfer the meaning as close as the author‘s intention. It is not allowed for a translator to make new meaning or messages because heshe will convey incorrect messages to make the readers. Almost similar to Newmark, Machali 2000 : 114 states that translation is a process of ―recreate―. It can be said that when a translator does hisher job, heshe recreates a product. Therefore, a translator must be careful in translating a text because he deals not only with the language grammar but also the language style. For example, when a translator translates an article, heshe cannot translate it into literature text or a text which contains slang language but it should be translated into an article, too. It is suitable to a statement of Brislin 1976 : 15 : ―Every translation, accordingly, is an attempt to synchronize the syntactic, lexical 9 commit to user and stylistic systems governing performance in two different languages, a source language SL and a target language TL.‖ Therefore, it can be said that translation also considers the style of the text. It should be known that it is impossible to produce a translation product perfectly since both languages has different system. Therefore Brislin uses the word of ―to synchronize‖. That is why the translator should find correct equivalence for every single word when heshe translates a text. As stated before translation considers three terms such as the syntactic, lexical and stylistic systems. The syntactic system means the surface structure of the source language. The lexical system is the meaning of the source language and the stylistic system refers to the style of the source language. Three of them are supported each other because three of them determine the translation strategies carried out by the translator. The translator should decide the right strategy when heshe translates a text so the messages of the source language can be produced well into the target language.

B. Principles of Translation