Working with a Workbook

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter discusses theories upon which this research is laid down. There are two major sections to be discussed here as the groundwork of this research. They are theoretical description and theoretical framework.

A. Theoretical Description

There are three major issues underlying this research. They include theories related to working with workbook, materials evaluation, and book evaluation criteria to support the research. The theories were stated by some experts in language teaching.

1. Working with a Workbook

Workbook contains a lot of exercises and it plays an important role for the students to practice. Soepomo 1978: 317 defines a workbook as supplementary for textbook besides teacher’s manual book, and extensive reading book. The availability of a workbook is aimed to compulse both teacher and students to do exercise based on the materials taught from the textbook. Workbook enables the students to have greater opportunities to repeat and practice their English. Workbook is said to be one of the needs material for teaching which are used in a school and considered as one of the keys to success and the failure of the teaching. In learning language, students need a lot of practice because when they have a PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 10 lot of practice, they will get into contact frequently with the language they are learning. This fact happens in learning English. By doing some exercises provided in workbook, it is supposed that students will be able to understand in using English. Concerning this, Lado 1964: 4 positively comments on Fries’ demonstration, “Fries, for example recommended devoting 85 of class time to practice and no more than 15 to explanation and commentary.” Furthermore, he claims as follow, The students must be engaged in practice most of the learning time. This principle has a psychological justification, since other thing being equal, the quantity and permanence of learning are in direct proportion to the amount of practice p.4. The statement above clearly explains that the possible way to make the students get involved in English is by doing exercises as many as possible. One thing which teachers’ should give attention to is they must choose the most suitable workbook for their students. Means, the teachers must carefully consider the content of a workbook when deciding to use a workbook as supplementary materials besides textbook. Praninskas 1976, one of English textbook writers, says that the exercises offered to students are for the sake of practicing students’ response. The exercises which are given is the opportunity for students to practice constructing kinds of sentence which has been taught by the teacher. To conclude, workbook is definitely needed in a language teaching, including English teaching, because of its importance. The use of workbook as a complement will recall about what has been taught by the teacher from the textbook. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 11

2. Materials Evaluation