Relative Power Off Record Payoffs

78 situation in which Steve asks Gretta to sing her original song on the stage. The conversation is illustrated in dialogue 21. Dialogue 21 Setting : At the Café. Situation : Steve is doing his performance and he asks Gretta to sing her song on the stage. Participants : Steve and Gretta Steve : “…….. Gretta, would you come up here, please? Uh, just give me a moment. I think it would be a good idea if you‟d come up and sing one of your songs. ” NP Gretta : “It would be a really fucking bad idea.” Steve knows that Gretta is a great singer and song writer that is why he asks Gretta to come up to the stage and to sing her own song. Since the underlined utterance is expressed in front of the people and it aimed to ask Gretta to come up on the stage, Steve applies negative politeness strategy. Steve applies negative politeness because the language used in negative politeness strategy tends to be more polite. Therefore, through the more polite language, the big desire can be easier to be conveyed. Moreover, using polite language through negative politeness indicates that the speaker possesses serious and big desire that need to be fulfilled. The ranking of imposition for positive face can be identified through the measurement of the threat given to the hearer‟s face. The strategy which can satisfy the hearer‟s positive face is positive politeness. Positive politeness strategy allows the speaker to have a closer relationship with the hearer. Therefore, the possible threat which is addressed to the hearer‟s positive face will be the actions or utterances which can put the social distance to the hearer. Giving compliment 79 to the hearer is one of the examples where the speaker does not want to give threat to the hearer‟s positive face. This means that the speaker wants to maintain the speaker‟s positive face. The situation of the ranking of imposition for positive face is illustrated in dialogue 22. Dialogue 22 Setting : At the Café. Situation : Dan gives compliment for Gretta in order to make her interested in producing the music. Participants : Dan and Gretta Dan : “You just need to work on your performance a bit.” Gretta : “I‟m not a performer, I write songs from time to time.” Dan : “Are all the songs as good as that one?” PP Gretta : “Are you really an AR man? You look more like a homeless man. ” The ranking of imposition which is add ressed to the hearer‟s positive face is done in order to make the hearer want or does not want to do something. The underlined utterance above is expressed in order to satisfy the Gretta ‟s positive face in which Dan admires Gretta. Moreover, the underlined utterance is expressed in order to make Gretta interested in working with Dan to produce the music. Therefore, in order to make the hearer do or do not do something, the speaker will satisfy the hearer‟s positive face. The rank of imposition for positive face can be determined through the face threatening acts given to the hearer. The bigger the face threatening acts given to the hearer, the bigger desire aimed to be conveyed by the speaker. In conclusion, the ranking of imposition can be identified through the hearer‟s negative and positive face. In negative face, there are two scales of rank of imposition namely, the imposition of services and that of goods. If the speaker 80 has a big desire to be conveyed, he will choose either negative politeness strategy or off record strategy. On the other hand, in positive politeness, the ranking of imposition is measured based on the amount of the threat given to the hearer‟s positive face. The positive politeness strategy is chosen by the characters because it deals with the hearer‟s positive face. This can be proven because most utterances performed by the four characters aim to avoid giving the threat to the hearer‟s positive face. Therefore, it can be concluded that the bigger the desire of the speaker is, the more polite strategy that will be applied for the communication. In addition, the bigger threat given to the hearer means the bigger desire aimed to be conveyed by the speaker. 81 CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS This section consists of two parts, namely conclusions and recommendations. Conclusions present the summary of this study. Recommendations present some suggestions addressed to the future researchers, language learners, and teacherslecturers.

A. Conclusions

There are two research questions in this study, the first is which politeness strategies are applied by the four main characters of Begin Again movie? and the second is what are the factors that influence the four main characters in choosing the politeness strategies for communication? The data were taken from the four main characters in Begin Again namely Gretta James, Dan Mulligan, Dave Kohl, and Steve. In order to find out the politeness strategies which are used by the four characters, the writer employed the theory from Brown and Levinson 1987 about politeness strategies. Whereas, the writer also employed the theory from Brown and Levinson 1987 in order to find out the factors which affect the four main characters in choosing the politeness strategies. The first research question can be answered through the analysis of the movie script of Begin Again and the theory from Brown and Levinson 1987. The result of the study shows that the four politeness strategies, Bald on Record, Positive