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CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This section consists of two parts, namely conclusions and recommendations.
Conclusions present
the summary
of this
study. Recommendations present some suggestions addressed to the future researchers,
language learners, and teacherslecturers.
A. Conclusions
There are two research questions in this study, the first is which politeness strategies are applied by the four main characters of Begin Again movie? and the
second is what are the factors that influence the four main characters in choosing
the politeness strategies for communication? The data were taken from the four
main characters in Begin Again namely Gretta James, Dan Mulligan, Dave Kohl, and Steve. In order to find out the politeness strategies which are used by the four
characters, the writer employed the theory from Brown and Levinson 1987 about politeness strategies. Whereas, the writer also employed the theory from
Brown and Levinson 1987 in order to find out the factors which affect the four
main characters in choosing the politeness strategies.
The first research question can be answered through the analysis of the movie script of Begin Again and the theory from Brown and Levinson 1987. The
result of the study shows that the four politeness strategies, Bald on Record, Positive
82 Politeness, Negative Politeness, and Off Record, are applied by three of the four
main characters, namely Gretta James, Dan Mulligan, and Dave Kohl. Whereas,
Steve only applies three types of politeness strategies, those are Bald on Record, Positive Politeness, and Negative Politeness. The most frequent strategy which is
found in the movie is Positive Politeness. Positive Politeness found as the most frequent strategy because it allows the characters to have closer relationship with
the other characters. The second research question can be answered through the analysis of the
findings of the first research question by using the theory from Brown and Levinson 1987. The factors which affect the four main characters in choosing
the politeness strategies are payoffs and sociological variables. Each strategy has its own payoffs that affect the characters to choose certain strategies. Bald on
Record strategy has its own payoffs to be clear, efficient, and to avoid to be seen manipulative. For Positive Politeness strategy, the payoff is to satisfy the hearer‟s
positive face which can allow the speaker to have closer relationship with the hearer. Negative Politeness strategy has its own payoff of satisfying
the hearer‟s negative face which allows the speaker to pay respect to the hearer. For Off
Record strategy, the payoff is allowing the speaker to avoid the responsibility of doing the Face Threatening Acts. Sociological variables are divided into three
factors, namely social distance, relative power, and rank of imposition. The three factors of sociological variables also affect the characters in
choosing the politeness strategies. In social distance, the greater intimacy possessed by the speaker and the hearer, the less polite strategy will be chosen.
83 The social distance can be assessed based on the social attributes such as age, sex,
and social background. In relative power, the higher power possessed by the hearer, the more polite strategy will be chosen to be applied. The power possessed
by the hearer can also be assessed through social attributes such as age, sex, and social background. In the rank of imposition, the bigger the speaker‟s desire, the
more polite strategy will be chosen. The strategy chosen will determine the rank of imposition for the hearer t
o fulfill the speaker‟s desire.
B. Recommendations
In this section, the writer gives recommendations based on the findings in this study. The recommendations are addressed for the future researcher, the
language learners, and teacherslecturers.
1. Future Researchers
The writer will give suggestions for future researcher to develop the research on politeness strategies. Develop the research means that the future
researchers can take research questions other than the research questions of this study to be observed. The subject which is used as the data source can also be
varied. The data can be taken from other media such as novel, magazine, or television shows. The future researchers can employ the theory from Brown and
Levinson 1987 about politeness strategies. The future researchers can also employ other theories from other experts to support the research on politeness
strategies. Therefore, the future researcher can enrich and vary the study of politeness strategies.
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2. Language Learners
For the language learners, it is important to understand not only about the grammar rules of a language, but also how to use the language properly. Most of
the language learners understand the grammar rules of a language, but they do not understand the way the language should be used. As a result, they can
communicate without doing any grammatical mistakes, but they may not use the language properly and politely. The language learners should be able to use
appropriate language based on the certain circumstances. Developing their knowledge about politeness strategies will make the language learners able to
differentiate polite and impolite strategies. The language learners should also be aware of the language they used to communicate with the addressees. It is
expected that through learning about politeness strategies, the language learners will be able to decide which strategy which is appropriate to be applied.
Therefore, they have to be familiar with the consideration of the social background of the addressees and the context so that proper language can be
applied for the appropriate addressees.
3. Teachers or Lecturer
For the teachers or lecturers, especially for English teachers or lecturers, it is important to not only to teach the grammar of a language but also how to use
the language for the social interaction. It is also important to teach the students about politeness strategies because it helps them to classify the utterance for the
social interaction. Therefore, by teaching the politeness strategies to the language learners, they will be able to apply the appropriate language for certain condition.
85 In addition, since each language contains its own culture, the teachers or the
lecturers also have to introduce the culture of a language. Thus, the language learners will have deeper understanding about the language. Moreover, teaching
the language learners about politeness strategies will make the students able to differentiate which utterance can and cannot be used for the classroom activities.
Therefore, the atmosphere in the class will be more conducive and the teachers or lecturers and the students can respect each other.
