27 However, there is a different problem which is analyzed in this research. In the
study done by Damarjati 2014, the research questions are to find out the types of politeness strategies and the degree of the politeness strategies. Besides, the study
done by Oktorio 2015 is different with this study because of the different subject which is taken as the data source. In the study done by Oktorio 2015, Yes Man
movie was taken as the data source while in this study Begin Again movie is taken as the data source. Therefore, the findings of this study will also be different from
the previous study which has been done by Oktorio 2015. Since the writer of this study aimed to develop the research done by the previous researcher, the
research questions of this study are to find out the types of the politeness strategies from other movies and to find out the factors which may influence the
characters in choosing the politeness strategies. Thus, the conclusion is the researches from Oktorio 2015 and Damarjati 2014 give significant help in
finding the references of the theories. However, since there are some differences in the research problem and the subject, the writer of this study expects that this
study can give significant benefits for the readers and the future researchers to improve their understanding about politeness in a language.
B. Theoretical Framework
There are two research problems in this study, namely types of politeness strategies applied by the characters in Begin Again and the factors that influence
the characters in applying certain strategy of politeness. In order to answer the two research problems, the writer employs the theory of politeness strategies from
28 Brown and Levinson 1987 and the theory also from Brown and Levinson 1987
about the factors that may influence the choice of the strategy. In order to answer the first research problem, the writer refers to the theory
of politeness strategies which are proposed by Brown and Levinson 1987. There are four strategies in politeness, namely bald on record, positive politeness,
negative politeness, and off record. The writer attempts to analyze the utterances of the four characters in order to find out the strategy which is used by the four
characters. Besides, in order to answer the second research problem, the writer refers
to the theory proposed by Brown and Levinson 1987 about the factors influencing the choice of politeness strategies. There are two factors in language
politeness, namely payoffs and sociological variables. The sociological variables are elaborated into three factors, namely social distance, relative power, and
ranking of imposition. The writer attempts to analyze the utterances of the four main characters based on the two factors to find out which factor that affects the
characters in choosing the politeness strategies. Thus, this chapter provides all theories which are needed and related to
this study. The main theory of this study is the theory from Brown and Levinson 1987 about the four politeness strategies and the factors which may influence in
choosing the strategy. The main theory of this study is employed to analyze the politeness strategies applied by the four main characters and the factors which
may influence the four characters in applying certain strategy. Therefore, in order to find out the answer of the research questions in this study, the writer will
29 analyze the utterance of the four main characters in Begin Again movie. The
theoretical framework of this study can be seen in figure 2.1. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
