Needs survey Data Analysis Technique

48 Then, in order to make comparison, the needs survey from the pre-design questionnaires was calculated by percentage. The result was obtained by dividing the number of the students‟ choice with the total number of students, and then multiplied by 100. The percentage was calculated using a formulation as followed Notes: n : the number of students‟ choice ∑n : the total number of students The pre-design questionnaires were in form of multiple-choice questions which allowed the students to choose the options as many as the students needed and followed with an explanation of the number of items chosen. The pre-design questionnaires provided questions about students‟ difficulty in learning English, appropriate teaching-earning strategy, suitable types of exercises and materials as well as and a question asking for suggestions to improve the learning process.

2. Evaluation

The evaluation of the materials designed was conducted in a post-design questionnaire. The validation form used by the researcher was scaled questions Linkert scale and open-ended questions WH questions. Linkert scale was selected to let the evaluators indicate the response to the statements using points of agreement as illustrated in Table 3.1 on the following page. 49 Table 3.1 Description on Points of Agreement Point of Agreement Meaning 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Agree 4 Strongly Agree The option that showed neither agree nor disagree was omitted because the option usually causes ambiguity and difficulty in administering the result. The data from the scaled question were analyzed using central tendency mean symbolized as M. The mean was calculated using a formulation as followed. Note: M : the average point ∑x : the sum of the score n : the number of evaluators The result of the post-design questionnaires will be presented in table 3.2. Table 3.2 The Description of Experts’ Opinion on the Designed Materials No Statements N Point of Agreement Central Tendency Mn 1 2 3 4 Note: N : number of participants