Conclusions CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

71 third is Ministry of Love which is concerned with law and order. It makes sure that people do not even think against the ideals of the Party. If they do so they will be caught by the Thought Police and later conditioned to adopt themselves to the policies of the Party. The fourth is The Ministry of Plenty. It is responsible for the economic affairs of the country. It makes people believe that there is plenty of production and equal distribution of produce. In reality, only the members of the Inner Party enjoy all privileges while the other sections of the society are consuming dilapidated stuff. The last, institution is family. Family becomes government’s right hand in spreading the terror and surveillance to the citizen. All of those institutions are established structural violence due to its oppressive framework that operates through powerful associations, organizations and institutions that guarantees privilege amongst its leaders, prioritization of their political agenda, and an enforcement of their methods and ideologies. Moreover, that oppressive framework can kill or harm people involved in it. The second problem formulation: what are the evidences of structural violence actions in the totalitarian state experienced by the citizens in the novel Nineteen Eighty-four? There are the evidences of structural violence toward citizens in totalitarian state as depicted in the novel. The first is the execution or brainwashing of dissidents. That violence can be seen from Winston experience when he was arrested and re-educated by Ministry of Love. The second is the divorce from values and memory of the past. One of the examples is when Winston was ordered to rewrite the speech of the Big Brother without mentioning FFCC and Withers. Therefore, he invented a name Captain Oglivy who sacrificed 72 his life fighting for the nation. The third structural violence is total terror and super surveillance toward the citizen. The violence can be found when the telescreens always monitor behaviour, everywhere people go, citizens are continuously reminded, especially by means of the omnipresent signs reading “BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU,” that the authorities are scrutinizing them. The last is the hostility to the joy of personal relationships and the appetite for joy itself. The evidence of the violence is when Winston and Julia are arrested because of their love affair. All of those acts of violence are categorized in structural violence because of its connection with oppressive framework that operates through powerful associations, organizations and institutions that guarantees prioritization of political agenda, it can be categorized as structural violence.

B. Implications

This study could give some contributions to an educational aspect. First, it could teach the student about the bad sides of structural violence. By knowing structural violence, the student could respect humanity values. Starting from a small action, such as respecting their parents and their teacher or be more critical to the social condition. Through this study, the student can see that the act of violence has connection with the social structure existed. The factors that causing the acts of violence are not only from personal mistake but also from structural error. However, in the world we are living now, structural violence is inevitable but it can still be adjusted and reduced. 73 Second, it could give the understanding to the teachers in giving some learning activities to the students which are related to avoiding act of violence. This study could implicate English Language Education Study Programme ELESP students since Sanata Dharma University implements three important principles namely: competence, conscience, and compassion. As soon-to-be teachers, the ELESP students do not only give formal education to their students, however, they should also teach them how we respect humanity and care with others. By knowing and understanding structural violence, the ELESP students will consider how important peace for humanity is. Furthermore, based on the understanding in structural violence study, the ELESP student would be able to design education system to be more humanist and less violent.

C. Suggestions

This part has two sections. The first section is the suggestion for the future researchers that will work with Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-four as the object of the study. The other section is the suggestions for the English teachers that will use Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-four as one teaching materials for Book Report course.

1. Suggestion for Future Researchers

The novel discussed in this study is another challenging novel in the world of literature. This novel is written by one of British writers, George Orwell. The author has succeeded in conveying messages of universal dreams; it is freedom