68 begotten by artificial insemination Artsem, it was called in Newspeak
and brought up in public institutions p. 56.
Winston believes that the aim of the party is to remove all pleasure from sexual acts. For the party, sex and marriage are mere necessity, to be undertaken
for the purpose of producing infant Party members. He understands that the party is trying to suppress the sexual instinct.
The aim of the Party was not merely to prevent men and women from forming loyalties, which it might be not be able to control. Its real,
undeclared purpose was to remove all pleasure from the sexual act. Not love so much as eroticism was the enemy, inside the marriage as well as
outside it p. 68-69.
The only recognized purpose of marriage was to beget children for the service of the Party. Sexual intercourse was “to be looked on as a slightly
disgusting minor operation, like having enema” p. 69. Winston Smith has bad experience in the past connected to sexual pleasure with his ex-wife, Khatarine.
Once Winston touches her, she seems “to wince and stiffen”. To embrace her was like embracing a jointed wooden image. And what was strange was that even
when she was clasping him against her he had the feeling that “she was simultaneously pushing him away with all her strength” p. 57. The rigidly of her
muscles managed to convey that impression. “She would lie there with shut eyes, neither resisting nor co-operating but submitting. It was extraordinarily
embarrassing, and, after a while, horrible. But even then he could have borne living with her if it had been agreed that they should remain celibate” p. 57.
They must, she said, produce a child if they could. So the performance continued to happen, once a week quite regularity, whenever it was not
impossible. She even used to remind him of it in the morning, as
69 something which had to be done that evening and which must not be
forgotten. She had two names for it. One was ‘making a baby’, and the other was ‘our duty to the Party’ yes, she had actually used that phrase.
p. 57 The Party also forces individuals to suppress their sexual desires, treating
sex as merely a procreative duty whose end is the creation of new Party members. The Party then channels people’s frustration and emotion into intense, ferocious
displays of hatred against the Party’s political enemies. One of the reasons why Winston and Julia are arrested by Ministry of
Love is because of their love affair. Having sexual pleasure and a personal relationship is a human right and basic needs for every person. Destroying
human’s desire is the same as establishing psychological violence. Furthermore, because of its connection with oppressive framework that operates through
powerful associations, organizations and institutions that guarantees prioritization of political agenda, it can be categorized as structural violence.
70
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This chapter consist of three parts. The first part presents the conclusions in which the writer draws conclusion of this study by summarizing all of the study
findings. The second part is the implication of the study. The last part is suggestions for future researchers and for teaching Book Report by using this
Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-four.
A. Conclusions
Based on the analysis in Chapter IV the following findings can be drawn to answer problems formulated in Chapter I. The first problem formulation:
through what institutions of totalitarian state is the structural violence toward citizens in the novel Nineteen Eighty-four established? Based on the analysis in
Chapter IV, the structural violence toward citizen in the novel Nineteen Eighty- four
is established through five state’s institutions. The first institution is Ministry of Truth Minitrue which always change history when something does not seem
right, or when a person has a thought against the ideals of the Party. It is done to make the people believe that the Party is always right. The second is The Ministry
of Peace Minipax ensures that people believe that there was a war going onto install fear and paranoia in society so that the only way of security is to believe
that the government is always taking the right measures to protect its citizens. The
71 third is Ministry of Love which is concerned with law and order. It makes sure
that people do not even think against the ideals of the Party. If they do so they will be caught by the Thought Police and later conditioned to adopt themselves to the
policies of the Party. The fourth is The Ministry of Plenty. It is responsible for the economic affairs of the country. It makes people believe that there is plenty of
production and equal distribution of produce. In reality, only the members of the Inner Party enjoy all privileges while the other sections of the society are
consuming dilapidated stuff. The last, institution is family. Family becomes government’s right hand in spreading the terror and surveillance to the citizen. All
of those institutions are established structural violence due to its oppressive framework that operates through powerful associations, organizations and
institutions that guarantees privilege amongst its leaders, prioritization of their political agenda, and an enforcement of their methods and ideologies. Moreover,
that oppressive framework can kill or harm people involved in it. The second problem formulation: what are the evidences of structural
violence actions in the totalitarian state experienced by the citizens in the novel Nineteen Eighty-four? There are the evidences of structural violence toward
citizens in totalitarian state as depicted in the novel. The first is the execution or brainwashing of dissidents. That violence can be seen from Winston experience
when he was arrested and re-educated by Ministry of Love. The second is the divorce from values and memory of the past. One of the examples is when
Winston was ordered to rewrite the speech of the Big Brother without mentioning FFCC and Withers. Therefore, he invented a name Captain Oglivy who sacrificed
