Based on the above table, it shows that the data were obtained from the research participants in some stages of the research procedure. The instruments
were used to attain valid and reliable data from the research participants. The following is the elaboration about the instruments used in the research.
1. Questionnaire
A questionnaire was used as one of the instruments to gather the participants’ opinions toward the product. Seliger and Shohamy 1989: 172 state
that questionnaire was a printed list for the data collection, which contained questions or statements for the subject to response. Questionnaires can be used to
attain quantitative, qualitative, and mixed data. It depends on the objective of the research. According to Ary, et.al. 2002, there are two types of questionnaires;
they are structured or close questionnaire and constructed or open questionnaire. In structured or close questionnaires, both questions and answers are provided.
The respondents choose response that the best represents their opinions. While in unstructured or open questionnaire, the respondents elaborate their opinions using
their own words. This research used both structured and unstructured form questionnaires since it was more effective in gathering the data by using those two
methods. The first method was used by providing some statements and the respondents were asked to select their answers from 1 to 5 points of agreements
using the Likert scale. Meanwhile, the second method gave opportunity for the participants to freely express their opinion by writing their own sentences.
In this study, the researcher used both structured and unstructured questionnaires in conducting need analysis. The need analysis questionnaire was
aimed to gather information related to the students’ interests in learning English
especially speaking, the students’ oral proficiency, the students’ communicative competence, the students’ speaking problems, and also the use of technology in
teaching and learning activity. The blueprint of need analysis questionnaire can be seen in Appendix 2.
In addition, in the preliminary and main field testing stage the researcher also employed both structured and unstructured questionnaires. The expert
validation questionnaires were distributed to the participants who are expert in English field and also media. An English teacher and an English lecturer of
English Language Studies Program did the materials validation. While the media validation questionnaires were distributed to the both IT lecturers. Furthermore, as
the main target users of this study were the eleventh grade students, user validation questionnaires were also distributed to collect the students’ responses,
comments, and suggestions toward the product. The blueprint of the expert validation questionnaire of materials and media, and the blueprint of user
validation questionnaire can be also seen in Appendix 2. Based on the explanation, it could be concluded that the need analysis
questionnaires were used as the way to give contribution for the content and features of the application. While the expert and user validation questionnaires
served as the evaluation for the respondents to assess the product in order to get better improvement of the iconic product.
2. Interview
The researcher conducted interviews in order to get the information from the English teacher and the students about the teaching and learning process of
speaking. The interview guideline was used to gain opinions, responses and the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
