I. Theoretical Framework
Linguistics is the study of language. One of the branches of linguistics which study about meaning of language is pragmatics and
semantics studies. Those terms focus on the study of meaning in language but in different side.
As stated by Griffiths 2006:1 Semantics is the study of the “toolkit” for meaning:
knowledge encoded in the vocabulary of the language and in its patterns for building more elaborate meanings, up to the level of
sentence meanings. Pragmatics is concerned with the use of these tools in meaningful communication. Pragmatics is about the
interaction of semantic knowledge with our knowledge of the world, taking into account contexts of use.
Semantics is the study about sentence meaning while pragmatics is the study about speaker meaning according to the context of the utterance.
On the other hands, semantics is about to understand the meaning of a sentence which is elaborated literally. In semantics, we do not need to
consider the meaning based on context of the speaker and addressee. Pragmatics studies about meaning in context of a speaker. Talking about
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Meaning Linguistics
Giving conclusion “American Sniper” movie
Illocutionary Act Based on Searle’s
theory:
1. Assertive 2. Directive
3. Commissive 4. Expressive
5.
Declarative
Perlocutionary Act Locutionary Act
Speech Act
Semantics Pragmatics
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context is very interesting because it can determine the actual meaning of a speaker on the hearer’s interpretation. Pragmatics meaning depends on the
context of the speaker utterance. In pragmatics, we have the terms speech act which understands
about speech form of the speaker. There are three kinds of speech acts such as locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act.
This research aims at understanding illocutionary acts which are expressed by the main character in the movie entitled “American Sniper”.
After finding the utterances which include in the types of illocutionary act, the researcher analyzes the utterances expressed by the main character
based on the classifications of illocutionary act.
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
In this chapter, the researcher showed the way of conducting this research such as: Research design, Source of data and data, Instrument of the
study, Procedure of collecting data, and Procedure of analyzing data. A. Research Design
Research designs are the specific procedures involved in the research process: data collection, data analysis, and report writing
Creswell, 2012:20. It means that research design is procedures or steps which have important roles in the research process such as data collection,
data analysis, and report writing. In this research, the researcher used qualitative research method.
Qualitative research method is defined as a research procedure which produces descriptive data in the form of words written or spoken of the
person Bogdan and Taylor 1975:5 in Moleong 2002:4. It can be said that qualitative research method is a procedure of research which results the
data in words form and it does not form numerical as the result because the data will be in the form of descriptions or written form as the result of
qualitative research. The researcher used qualitative method because in this research,
the researcher described any information by gathering the utterances that were uttered by the main character Chris Kyle in “American Sniper”
movie. This research also included in phenomenological research because
in this research, the researcher found out phenomenon or utterances 27
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