D. Technique of Data Collection
The researcher used analysis of documents by note-taking to collect the data in this research. Note-taking is appropriate to describe and interpret the data
because the researcher analyzed the modulation technique and the degrees of meaning equivalence through Gie
’s Bahasa Indonesia-English movie texts. In collecting the data, the researcher took the following some steps:
1. watching Gie movie,
2. taking notes of the data from the Bahasa Indonesia dialogues and the Bahasa
Indonesia-English movie texts which were in accordance with the objectives of the research,
3. recording the collected data into the data sheet, and
4. coding the data to make it easier in the analysis.
E. Technique of Data Analysis
The researcher employed referential analysis to analyze the data in which the researcher analyzed the data based on the theory explored. The procedures in
data analysis were mentioned in the following steps. 1.
The researcher selected and classified the valid and relevant data. The data were reduced in order to simplify the data. The data reduction was done by
separating the relevant data from those considered irrelevant.
2. The researcher coded the data to ease the analysis. In the data, many
expressions were translated using modulation techniques. Each expression is belonged into certain types of modulation technique. Furthermore, the
expression also reveals the degree of equivalence. In order to identify certain expressions, thus, the researcher created certain codes. The list of codes is
presented below.
Types of Modulation Degrees of Meaning Equivalence
AFC : Abstract for Concrete OPT
: Optimum Translation EPM : Explicative Modulation
PAR : Partial Translation
PTW : Part to Whole NOT : Near Optimum Translation
PAP : Part to Another Part
WET : Weak Translation ROT : Reversal of Terms
ZER : Zero Equivalence
NOP : Negative of Opposite AFP
: Active for Passive and vice versa
SFT : Space for Time
IAL : Interval of Limits
COS : Change of Symbol
Furthermore, each datum was given a data code. The example of data code was presented below.
Code 001AFPNOT
001 : Number of the datum
AFP : Type of Modulation applied NOT : Type of Degree of Meaning Equivalence
3. applying the trustworthiness of the data by doing analyst triangulation,
4. describing and interpreting the data in order to answer the problems formulation
as stated in Chapter 1, and 5.
drawing conclusion based on the result of the research.
F. Trustworthiness of Data
To gain the trustworthiness of the data, the researcher conducted deep and detail study. The researcher employed triangulation technique to enhance the
trustworthiness of the data. Wahyuni 2012: 40 says to increase the credibility of thedata, normally people use several data sources and different methods which is
called triangulation.
To achieve those trustworthiness’ criteria, triangulation process and peerdiscussion were conducted. Triangulation means a method used to check the
datatrustworthiness by engaging something outside the data in order the data can beverified and compared Moleong, 2007: 128. In order to receive
Kategori