scripts, improvisations, stage settings, soap opera, streets theatre, and re- enactments.
b. Factual text
Factual text present information and ideas. The purpose of these texts is to inform, instruct, educate, or persuade the reader. The main factual text types are:
1 Explanation
This kind of text tells how to do something or why something happens. The purpose of this text is to tell the step of the process and give the reason of it. This
text type involves three major parts: a general statements, a series of paragraphs, and concluding paragraph.
2 Information report
A report text explains information about a subject which is quite general rather than the specific one. The aim of this text is to describe each parts, behaviors,
and qualities of a subject throughout presenting a series of fact. 3
Discussion Discussion text is a text type which gives for and against the positive and
negative, or good points and bad points of certain issue. The purpose of this text is to present the different opinions on a topic to the audience or the reader, and, at
the end, the reader opinion. 4
Exposition The function of this text is to inform the point of view if arguments of the writer
to influence the listener and reader‟s view. 5
Recount The text type is to tell a story which relates an event or a past experience to
entertain the reader. The writer often sets the first paragraph are telling who, what, where, and when.
6 Factual Description
Factual description is descriptive text which are describes a particular person, place or thing. A descriptive text typically has an opening paragraph introducing
the subject of the text, a series of paragraph describing the features of the subject, and concluding paragraph signaling the end section of the text.
7 Procedure
This text type presents the reader or listener how to do something. It is characterized through the existence of the instruction will guide the reader to
make something, to do something or to get somewhere. Recipes, itineraries, instruction manuals, and directions could be the examples of this text. There are
three major parts if this text namely introductory statement, list of materials, and sequence of steps.
B. Description of Narrative Text
1. The Narrative
Narrative is kind of story consisting of series of events which is constructed in a chronological order, According to Alice Oshima and Ann Hogue states that
Narration is story writing. When you write a narrative paragraph, you write about events in the order that they happen. In other words, you use time order to organize
your sentences.
13
Narration or narrative is a story in the written text which are events that tells about what the story happened, time order is tell what happened first, what
happened text, what happened after that, and so on. Accroding to Siahaan and Shiroda”Narration is any written English text in which the writer wants to amuse,
entertain people, and to deal with actual or vicarious experience in different ways ”.
14
A narrative not only about an events ended with what the story happened but also narrative is an event which the writer have the purposes to make aninteresting text, to
13
Alice Oshima and Ann Hogue, Introduction to Academic WritingThird Edition, White Plains: Longman, 2007, p. 24.
14
Sanggam Siahaan Kisno Shiroda, Generic Structure Text, Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu, 2008, p. 73.
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