The advantages and Disadvantages of STAD

of his study or assignment, it does very slowly and carefully. In addition, generally the aim of reading is to find some information from the text. 23 As we know that, the purpose of reading is the learner understands the written language. In other words, how the learner gets the message from the writer’s symbols. One of the most important tasks of the reader is to dig out and find out what the writer would like to say. The purposes of reading are divided into four main headings. a. Reading to search for simple information Most people said that reading to search for simple information is a kind of common reading ability; reader typically scans the text for specific information or a specific word. Skimming is also including in this type of aim. It is a common part of many reading tasks and useful skill in its own right. b. Reading to learn from text It is usually occurs in academic and professional context when people need to learn a considerable amount of information from a text. This purpose usually carried out a reading rate somewhat slower than general reading comprehension mainly due to rereading and reflection strategies to help remember information. c. Reading to integrate information, write and critique the texts. These are purposed to compose, select, and critique information from text, and they represent common academic tasks that call upon the reading abilities needed to integrate information. d. Reading for general comprehension It requires very rapid and automatic processing of words, strong skills in forming a general meaning representation of main ideas, efficient coordination of many processes under very limited time constraints. 24 23 Christine Nuttal, Teaching Reading Skill in Foreign Language, London: Heinemann, 1989, p.3. 24 Nida Husna, Step by Step to Reading Skill: Step 1, Jakarta: English Department, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teachers Training “Syarif Hidayatullah” State Islamic University, pp. 9- 10. From the explanations above, the writer concludes that there are two purposes for reading which are to get the information and to have fun. In other words, one wants to read texts because he or she wants to get information and he or she wants to read because the texts are interesting for them.

3. The Kinds of Reading Skills

A person reads for many purposes. If he or she is reading for pleasure, he or she may read quickly or slowly based on the way heshe likes. However, if he or she is reading for information such as news, science or some lines that are parts of his study or assignment, he read slowly and carefully. Here are four different kinds of reading: a. Skimming b. Scanning c. Intensive reading d. Extensive reading 25 Both skimming and scanning are useful for the reader. Skimming could be defined as the ability to identify the main ideas or main point rapidly in skipping over words, sentences, and paragraph that already familiar. 26 This is a technique used to find out how a news story, magazine article, or textbook chapter is organized and what is generally about without having to read the entire selection. When skimming, the reader goes through the reading material quickly in order to get the gist of it, to know how it is organized and to get the main idea of the reading material. Scanning in other hand is the process of searching idea or materials in order to find the specific information quickly. 27 25 The University of Sheffield, Reading Skill: Different Kinds of Reading, 2010, http:www.learningtolearn.group.shef.ac.ukreadread_difkind_task.html Retrieved January 9, 2014. 26 Peter Mather and Rita McCarthy, Reading and All That Jazz, Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2003, pp. 486-487. 27 Beatrice S. Mikulecky, and Linda Jeffries, More Reading Power, Second Edition, New York: Person Education, Inc., 2004, p.25.