ability development by using Student Team Achievement Division STAD technique. The method of this study was Classroom Action Study CAR. In
this research, the difference is the design of this study. She used CAR as the design of the study, but the writer used experimental. In CAR, it has two
cycles and each cycle has five meeting. Therefore, she took ten meeting for the treatment then the writer only took four meeting for the treatment. In other
hand, both the writer and Nur’Aeni has the similarity, both of them used STAD as the method that will be used in their study. In the end of this result,
she found that the students could develop their reading ability by using Student Team Achievement Division STAD technique.
The last research is from Eka Nurazizah with the title of the research is The Effectiveness of Teaching Reading through Cooperative Learning
Activities. The similarity of this research if the using of small group discussion and the reading ability that is explored. The research design is also similar that
is the experimental study. She took two classes, the experiment and control class in her research. In addition, she took place the research at junior high
school same as the writer’s research. The difference of the research is the technique that is used. Eka Nurazizah used Think Pair Share technique on
teaching reading and the text is descriptive text. The result of her research shows that teaching reading through cooperative learning is more effective.
34
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes methodological
activities to examine
the effectiveness of the teaching of reading by using Student Team Achievement
Division STAD technique. It concerns with the method of the study, the place and time of the study, the population and sample of the study, the intervention of
the study, the technique of data collection of the study, the technique of data analysis of the study, and the hypothesis of the study.
A. The Method of the Study
The writer uses quantitative method. The writer uses a pre- experimental study as the design of the study. Pre-experimental is
experimental studies in which the unit of the design is a single group implementation or an invention of a short duration.
1
In addition, Campbell and Stanley said that pre experimental research does not use two classes as sample
because this research design does not compare the difference of improvement between two groups or more.
2
In this study, the writer teaches one class, because the original teacher only permits the writer to teach one class. The
writer teaches the experimental class. The experimental class is taught by using Student Teams-Achievement Divisions
STAD Techniques. Before giving the treatment to the experimental class, the writer
distributes a pre-test for the experimental class in order to know whether the students have relatively the same background knowledge. At the end of the
treatment, the experimental class does the post-test to find out the growth of the score. The growth is used to decide whether the intervention in this study
is successful.
1
John W. Creswell, Educational Research, Fourth Edition, Boston: Pearson Education, Inc., 2012, p. 324.
2
Rick Houser, Research-Study and Teaching, New York: SAGE Publication, 2009, p.54.
B. The Place and Time of the Study
This Study takes place at SMPN 1 Pakuhaji. It is on Jl. KH. Sa’adullah Km. 01 Pakualam, Tangerang Regency - Banten. SMPN 1 Pakuhaji
is a public school. This school has twenty-seven classrooms. This school also divides the teaching and learning process into morning class and afternoon
class. All of the students in the ninth and eighth grades are in the morning class. Most of the students in the seventh grades are in the morning and only
two classes are in the afternoon class. The writer makes a timeline design for the research such as follows:
Table 3.1 The Timeline Design
Time Activity
Commencement Completion
June 2013 September 2013
The completion of “skripsi” to Proposal
November 6
th
2013 November 8
th
2013 Giving the Pre-test
November 8
th
2013 November 21
th
2013 Giving a treatment to the
Experimental Class November 22
th
2013 November 24
th
2013 Giving the Post-test
November 24
th
2013 November 27
th
2013 Analyzing the data
November 2013 April 2014
Finishing “skripsi”
C. The Population and the Sample of the Study
The population of this study is the second grade students of SMPN 1 Pakuhaji academic year 2012-2013. The total amount of the second
grade students in this school is 465 students, which is divided into 10 classes. Because there are more than 100 students, the writer only takes one classes as
the sample of this study. The writer perceived that it was too large to be taken
