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10 T : Kemudian di samping itu, kita juga mempunyai Then, beside that we also
ha e detective story itu juga that also a ati e. Kemudian The short story, pernah membaca ever read love story? Indah sering baca
Indah often reads? Biasanya mengharukan ya atau Usuall tou hi g es
o happy ending. Ada yang pernah membaca mungkin judulnya apa Is the e a o e ho ofte eads, p o a l hat is the title ?
NKP1XIMEI2009 In reference to the above data, English teachers inserted an Indonesian phrase into
an English sentence construction as performed in Data 09 and inserted some English phrases in Indonesian constructions as shown in Data 10. The type of CS practices is called
intra-sentential CS on the grounds that the insertion occurs within sentence boundary.
2. The Forms of Lingual Units in Intra-sentential
In terms of the form of the lingual units in intra-sentential CS, there are some words which are commonly inserted. They include 1 nouns, 2 verbs, 3 adjectives, 4 adverbs,
5 preposition and 6 conjunctions. Each word category is discussed below in reference to the empirical data obtained from the field. Look at the following data.
11 G
: You know that this kind of phenomenon, reality show, in our television is getting, what is it? Contagious program, right? Jadi
so , something like
kecanduan addi tio ya. So, some TV stations tend to air this program.
CP1XAPRIL2009 12 G
: Jadi kalau merasa sudah suka, naksir, langsung “o, if ou feel ado e
so eo e, ou should express juga too. Read a story which makes you realize that love should be expressed.
NKP1XIMEI2009 13 G
: Kemarin apa perintahnya What as i st u tio este da ? Perintahnya
kan harus
The i st u tio should be exciting. GP3XIMEI2009
14 G : Fo t i e. He s said to e too laz to stud . Bla la la he ofte failed the
test. However, because of, whenever, as a matter of fact, or consequently? Consequently.
Ya g a a Whi h o e ? Ya, C. Konsekuensinya
Co se ue tl , he often failed the test.
BP1XAPRIL200
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The above data show that English teachers of senior high schools code-switched from EL to IL or vice versa by inserting lexical words in the form of noun as in Data 11, verb as in
Data 12, adjective as in Data 13, and adverb as in Data 14. The code-switched lexical items were performed in bold forms. This suggests that all lexical items are potentially
inserted in the matrix language.
In reference to the data analysis, the grammatical words in the form of prepositions and conjunctions of EL and IL are potentially inserted in the matrix language. The following
presents the insertion of the grammatical words in intra-sentential CS. 15 G
: Write on the whiteboard please. One of you, environment. Maksudnya dalam bahasa Indonesia
The ea i g of the o d i ahasa I do esia is lingkungan
e i o e t . Fo e a ple, lingkungan at SMA Ngaglik
e i o e t at “MA Ngaglik . About lingkungan di sekitarnya
environment. For example in your environment. Sebelah sana, sebelah barat sekolahan kita ada apa itu
O e the e, the este of ou s hool, hat is that ?
SAL2XAPRIL2009 15 G
: Illegal reason. Do you know about point? Ya Yes , that s the fu tio of
the point in argument paragraph, as the main idea, sebagai as main
idea. And then, you must know that in each point of argument paragraph. SP1XIAPRIL2009
17 G : Ya, kola
Yes, po d pond. Then, a g di se elah a at i the este
side ? SAL2XAPRIL2009
18 G : Ya
Yes , they both were died. Lalu The what is the next event?
EP2XFEB2012 The above data show that English teachers of senior high schools code-switched from
EL to IL or vice versa by inserting grammatical words in the form of an EL preposition in Data 15 and an IL preposition in Data 16. Added to this, the insertion of an EL conjunction in
Data 17 and an IL conjunction in Data 18 was also found. This suggests that grammatical items in the form of preposition and conjunction of IL and EL are potentially inserted in the
matrix language.
3. Grammatical Rules Underlying CS
CS from English to Indonesian or vice versa in classroom communications utilized by English teachers of senior high schools is constrained by eight rules. They include 1 a linier
order approach or equivalence constraint, 2 the level of the constituents, 3 a morpheme
