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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS
A. Research Place and Time
This research was conducted in SMA Negeri Banyumas which is located at Jalan Pramuka No 13 Banyumas. Implementation of data collection
conducted in April 2015.
B. Research Design
This research is a quantitative descriptive research. In practice, this research intends to seek information and data that can be used to describe the
quality of the test in SMA Negeri Banyumas. While the approach used is a quantitative approach because the data obtained will be realized in the form
of figures and analyzed using Anates version 4.0.9
C. Research Variables
The variables in the research entitled “Test Item Analysis of The Final Examination on Economics Subject in Grade XII IPS SMA Negeri Banyumas
Acad emic Year of 20142015” are Validuty, Reliabiliy, Level of Difficulty,
Distinguishing Power, and Pattern of Answer Distributions.
D. Research Subject and Object
The subject in this research are the students of Grade XII IPS SMA Negeri Banyumas that consist of four classes. Details of the number of
research subjects are as follows:
Table 1. The Number of Research Subject Grade
Number of Students XII IPS 1
30 XII IPS 2
28 XII IPS 3
26 XII IPS 4
28 Total
112
While the objects of this research are the question of Odd Semester Final Examination in Accounting Economics Subject of Grade XII IPS SMA
Negeri Banyumas Academic Year of 20142015.
E. Operational Definition of Research Variables
1. Validity
The validity of items can be said as valid if the total score obtained by each item has a great support towards the total score, a matter is said to
have high validity if the item has equality with a total score. 2.
Reliability Reliability is the consistency level or degree of an
instrument. Reliability tests with regard to the question whether a test accurately and reliably in accordance with established criteria. Reliability
shows the determination or regularity of a measurement tool to assess what is judged. The achievement test was said as steady if the results showed
similar results in the different times of measurement for the same student. The higher the coefficient, the test is more reliable.
3. Level of Difficulty
The difficulty level is an opportunity to answer correctly a question on the level of certain capabilities that are usually expressed in the form of
an index obtained by determining the number of students who answered correctly to the number of all students.
4. Distinguishing Power
Distinguishing power is the ability of items to distinguish students who have mastered the material with learners who lack or have not
mastered the material. Difference in proportion who answered right from the upper group with the proportion who answered the question from the
lower group, between groups of students who have mastered the competencies do not master the competencies.
5. Pattern of Answer Distributions
The pattern of answer distribution pattern is the spread position of answer between destractors, which is obtained by calculating how many
students who chose a particular answer. The destractors can be catogorized as a good destractor if they have been chosen by at least 5 of the number
of participants in the test.
F. Data Collection Technique
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