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5. Developing Pre-Assessment
In this step, placement and diagnostic tests were done to determine and find the students’ competence in a certain topic or unit.
6. Selecting the TeachingLearning Activities
The well-chosen teaching learning activities may also help the students to gain expected skill for learning outcomes. Furthermore, the exercises need to be
organized in order to create enjoyable and interesting atmosphere. By creating enjoyable and interesting atmosphere, it may motivate students in learning and
facilitate them to achieve the objectives.
7. Evaluating the Designed Exercises
The purpose of distributing the evaluation post-design questionnaire to English teacher of SMA Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta and the lectures of English
Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University is to obtain feedback, comments, and suggestion about the designed exercises. The results of
the post-design questionnaire are used to revise and improve the online English Tenses exercises for the tenth grade students of SMA Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta.
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Figure 2.3: The Writer’s Instructional Design Model
Conducting Needs Survey
Determining Goals, Topic, and General Purposes
Listing Subject Contents
Selecting the TeachingLearning Activities
Evaluating the Designed Exercises Specifying Learning Objectives
Developing Pre-Assessment
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents detailed information about methodology used to conduct the study. They are research method, research participants, research instruments, data
gathering techniques, data analysis techniques, and research procedures.
A. Research Method
The study was intended to answer two research questions. The questions are: “How are online English Tenses exercises using Hot Potatoes for the tenth
grade students of SMA Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta designed?” and “What do online English Tenses exercises using Hot Potatoes for the tenth grade students of SMA
Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta look like?” In order to answer those research questions, the writer used Research and
Development method R D. Borg and Gall 1983: 772 stated that educational Research and Development R D is a process used to develop and validate
educational products. These products include teaching materials, teaching method, and method for organizing instruction. Moreover, the goal of R D is to develop
research knowledge and incorporate it into a product by combining educational research and educational practice Borg and Gall, 1983: 771.
The writer chose R D method since it used the findings to build products that were ready for operational use in the school. It consists of three
major steps: develop product based on research finding, do field testing on the
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