Pandanus odoratissimus L.f.

arcuate subulate, flat appresed, ascending at 5 o , white with red tipped; the raised midrib below with spines 1.5-3 mm long, 10-15 mm apart, subulate, curved, ascending at 5 o , wholly white or white with red tipped; on the subulate apex prickly on both sides with spines 0.4-1 mm long, 3-7 mm apart, arcuate, subulate, ascending at 5 o , wholly white or white with red tipped; the midrib below with similar spine, but with 3-4 mm apart; peduncle leafy bracted, 6.2-17 cm long, at base 5 mm in diameter, at apex 7-8.5 mm diameter, 3-sided, glabrous; exterior bracts with the body about 38-48 cm long, 3.4-5 cm wide, long tapering to a slender subulate apex; middle bracts 20-27 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, lanceolate, coriaceous, gradually tapering to a subulate apex; staminate inflorescence terminal, pendent, 25-40.5 cm long; flowering part of spike 21.3-33 cm long, bearing 9-18 lateral racemes, these 4 5-8 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, narrowly elliptic- elliptic, densely flowered; stamen 14-30 in raceme, the fused axis 7-15 mm long, free filament tips 1-2.5 mm long, anthers 1-2.8 mm long, bearing terminal subulate connective prolongation 0.3-0.5 mm long; pistillate inflorescence pendulous; peduncle 11.5-33.5 cm long, at base 6 mm in diameter, at apex 18-19 mm in diameter, trigonous, white; exterior bracts 67-92 cm long, 3.5-4 cm wide, tapering gradually to a long subulate apex, yellowish green; middle bracts 37-59 cm long, 3-8.5 cm wide, lanceolate, apex acute-acuminate, white; syncarp terminal, single, subglobose-globose, 22-25 cm long, 19-25 cm wide; phalanges 73-88 in number, 4.2-5.5 cm long, the upper half 2.8-4 cm wide, 2.2-3.2 cm thick, obovate, red flashed with orange, the color becoming lighter upward, 4-5 angled, the sides generally convex, smooth, shining; upper ½ free, apex truncate – convex, lateral suture none, central apical sinuses very shallow, but the bottom half V shaped; carpel 7-10, stigma sessile, 2.5-4 mm long, elliptic-lanceolate, darker brown; proximal phalanges of syncarp around the peduncle erect, the shorter, and distal phalanges of syncarp the longer; endocarp median – slightly supramedian, 18-24 mm long, bony, the inner part dark mahogany colored, the outer part pale; lateral walls 1-2 mm thick, inner surface shining; seeds 12-24 mm long, 4-10 mm in diameter, elliptic; upper mesocarp forming in each carpel apex a cavity with white medullary membrane; basal mesocarp 12-17 mm, fibrous and fleshy. DISTRIBUTION: West Java to East Java. HABITAT ECOLOGY: Pandan odoratissimus is a typical beach species growing mainly in rocky sea coast, however some are found on lowland areas below 150 m, flowering and fruiting in March to December. VERNACULAR NAME: Pudak, pudak duri, pandan laut, pandan kapur. NOTES: Pandanus odoratissimus, a name derived from the fragrant pollen of male plants. Pandanus odoratissimus appears close to P. tectorius var. littoralis, Morphologically these species are similar to each other by sharing coriaceous leaves, small prop roots abundant, bark armed with stout spine, tertiary cross vein not visible, leaf apex gradually long tapering to subulate apex. Pandanus tectorius var. littoralis differs from P. odoratissimus by three character states, leaves glossy on both sides, syncarp ellipsoid – subglobose and phalange apex flattened with cracks on central sinuses. SPECIMENSEXAMINED: — WEST JAVA: Ujung Kulon-Taman Jaya, Rahayu 050, and 051 JHUN; Bogor-Sudimara, Heyne sn BO; Sukabumi- Pelabuhanratu, Koorders 11814 and 11815 BO; Tasikmalaya-Kelapa genep, Scheffer 310 BO; CENTRAL JAVA: Semarang, van Lecuwen sn BO; EAST JAVA: Banyuwangi-Grajagan, Rahayu 065 JHUN.

12. Pandanus polycephalus Lam.

Pandanus polycephalus Lam., Encycl. 1: 372. 1785. Warburg, Pflanzenr. 3. IV. 68. 1900. Koorders, Recueil. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 7: 93. 1910. Koorders, Exkurs. Fl. v. Java : 81. 1911 Koorders, Exkurs. Fl. v. Java I: 7. 1913. Merril, Interp. Rumph. Herb. Amboin. 79. 1917. Backer Bakhuizen van den Brink, Fl. Java 3: 202.1968. Stone, Reinwardtia 8: 312.1972. Stone, Fedn. Mus. J 28: 115. 1983. Jebb, Christensen Research Institute 16. 31. 1991 — Type from the Moluccas Islands. Shrub 2-2.5 m tall, branched, erect, the stem 3.2-.6 cm in diameter, bark green, rather smooth, ringed by pale leaf scars, but with remoted, low, rounded prikles 1 mm in length, placed 0.5-1.2 cm apart; prop-roots 66 - 94 cm long, 9-12 mm in diameter, armed with sharp prickles 1 mm in length, placed 10-15 mm apart. Leaves 87-91.5 cm long, 2.0-2.4 cm wide, chartaceous, above green and glossy, below paler green, somewhat ensiform, shortly narrowing into a short trigonous thick subulate apex, this 10 cm down 22 mm wide, longitudinal parallel vein obscure above but conspicuous below, on each side with 28 secondary parallel vein, tertiary cross vein not visible; the base amplexicaul, whitish, unarmed, but beginning 13-20 mm up the margin with prickles 10-20 mm long, 1 mm apart, dense, heavy subulate, the base thickened, 1 mm wide, ascending at 70 o ; the midrib below beginning at 2.5 cm with prickles 1.5-2 mm long, 4-7 mm apart, heavy subulate, base thickened, ascending at 40 o , greenish white; at midsection the margin with prickle 1.5-2 mm long, 1 mm apart, dense, ascending at 30 o , subulate, white with black tip, the raised midrib below unarmed to beyond the middle; on the subulate apex the margin with serrulation 0.5- 0.75 mm long, 0.5-1 mm apart, ascending at 10 o , dense; the midrib below with serrulations 0.75- 1 mm long, 1-2 mm apart, ascending at 40 o ; peduncle 8 cm long, 4-5 mm in diameter, obtusely trigonous, bracted; pistillate inflorescence raceme of spikes, 8- 10 cm long, with about 6-7 syncarps; syncarp 3-5.2 cm long, 2.5-3 cm in diameter, ovates - oblong, red, with 72-101 drupes, this 1.2-1.4 cm long, 1 cm wide, increasing upwards in size, and the apical ones definitely the largest; the upper half 6-7 mm wide, 2-3 mm thick, conical, truncate or subtruncate, red, 5 angled, the slightly convex, smooth and shining, the bottom straight, sharp, 4 cm wide, fleshy, yellow, stigma 1 mm long, rounded circular, diffuse; endocarp medium, 3 mm long bony, dark mahogany colored, the inner surface shining, the lateral walls c. 1 mm; seeds 4 mm long, 3 mm in diameter, ovatus, upper mesocarp forming in the apex of each carpel and cavern with a few fibers and an acrechyma of white medulla membrane, basal mesocarp 4-5 mm, fibrous and fleshy. PHENOLOGY: Flowering and fruiting in January to December. VERNACULAR NAME:. Pandan kecil. NOTES: Pandanus polycephalus appears close to P. utilis. Morphologically these species are similar to each other by sharing barked with abundant rootlet, ensiform leaves, leaf apex gradually long tapering to subulate apex. Pandanus utilis differs from P. polycephalus by one character state, syncarp subglobose.