22 visual learners who prefer learning through pictures or reading information to
learning through spoken information para. 13-14. The website of National Down Syndrome Society adds that a child with Down syndrome have high response to
their physical and social environments. They have the same emotions and needs just like other people in common. They insist to reach the same chance in many
aspects of life as common children. They need positive support in their lives so that they can adapt successfully. Adapting successfully means they can attend
school, have friends, find work, and do other activities. Those are the ways they survive and are accepted in society Down Syndrome, n.d..
B. Theoretical Framework
Those theories above are used to analyze the problems which are stated in previous chapter. Three problems are going to be analyzed. The first problem is to
find the description of David as portrayed in The Memory Keeper’s Daughter. In the first problem, theory of character and characterization are used to explore the
characters of David. The second problem is to find the reasons why David makes a decision to
take his daughter with Down syndrome away. The theory of motivation is applied to explore David’s motivation to take his daughter with Down syndrome away in
an institution. In the second problem, information about Down syndrome is needed to help in analyzing David’s motivation.
The third problem deals with the influence of David’s decision in taking his daughter with Down syndrome away on his family life. The theory of decision
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23 making process is employed to reveal the process of how David makes the
decision to take his daughter with Down syndrome away. In advance, quotations from the novel are used to provide proofs of the influence of David’s decision on
his family life.
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24
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents an explanation of the methodology to analyze The Memory Keeper’s Daughter
novel. This chapter consists of three parts. They are object of the study, approach of the study, and method of the study.
A. Object of the Study
The object of the study is a novel entitled The Memory Keeper’s Daughter written by Kim Edwards in 2005. This novel is divided into seven parts, namely in
the years of 1964, 1965, 1970, 1977, 1982, 1988 and 1989. The years show the growth of Paul and Phoebe from they are born until they are adult. Paul and
Phoebe are born on March 1964. In 1989, they have been twenty-five years old. The Memory Keeper’s Daughter
was published by Penguin Books and was considered to be one of New York Times bestsellers. The novel was adapted to
television film and broadcasted on Lifetime Television on April 12, 2008. The film is starred by Dermot Mulroney as David, Gretchen Mol as Norah, and Emily
Watson as Caroline. The adolescent and adult Phoebe is played by Krystal Hope Nausbaum, an actress with Down syndrome. The films DVD release was in
October 2008. The story of The Memory Keeper’s Daughter begins with the birth of Paul
and Phoebe. The first baby is Paul who is born in a good condition while the second, Phoebe is born with Down syndrome. David, the father, has previously
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