84 interactive learning media which can help them with pronunciation and
conversation.
2. Planning
After the need analysis, the writer decided to design an Android application based
on the students‟ need. In this step, the writer selected the topics, materials, contents, kinds of features in the designed learning media and designed
the research instruments. The writer selected the topics and materials based on the syllabus analysis.
Based on the analysis, the writer selected some excerpts of the materials without neglecting the learning objectives stated in the syllabus. There were five major
topics taken from semester 1 and 2 materials which were selected based on the students‟ needs. All the topics were selected as the supplementary materials for
the students to practice their speaking outside the classroom. The selected topics were adjusted with the materials learned by the students in the classroom and its
usage in the students‟ daily life. The aim of taking the excerpts of the materials from the syllabus was to stimulate the students to develop their speaking skill
through the provided activities in the Android application. The topics were 1 introduction, 2 invitation, 3 instruction, 4 gratitude, 5 surprise.
After selecting the topics, the writer defined the learning materials, activities and learning objective of each topic. Those components are presented in
the following table. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
85
Table 4.9 The Topics, Materials, Activities and Learning Objectives No.
Topics Materials
Learning Objectives
1. Introduction
Introduction GreetingLeave
Taking The students are able to recognize and
pronounce commonly used vocabulary in:
- greeting and introduction - acceptingcancelling
invitationoffering - giving instructionprocedure
- expressing gratitude - expressing surprise and disbelief
The students are able to respond and create a simple dialogue of :
- greeting and introduction - acceptingcancelling
invitationoffering - instructionprocedure
- expressing gratitude - expressing surprise and disbelief
The students are able to use grammatical rules commonly used in
each topic 2.
Invitation AcceptingCan
celling InvitationOffe
ring
3. Instruction
Giving Instruction
Procedure 4.
Gratitude Expressing
Gratitude 5.
Surprise Expressing
Surprise Expressing
Disbelief
After defining the topics, materials and the learning objectives of the learning media, the writer selected kinds of features and activities for the learning
media. Both features and activities were selected based on the learning objectives. There were five major features in the learning media; they are 1 vocabulary, 2
grammar, 3 expression, 4 conversation, 5 project. There are at least two activities in each feature which were designed based on the
students‟ needs. Each activity in every feature was designed with automatic feedback to enable the
students recognize their own mistakes to promote independent learning. The features and activities of the learning media are presented as follows.
86
Table 4.10 Features and Activities No.
Learning Objectives Features
Activities
1 The students are able to
recognize and pronounce commonly used
vocabulary in:
- greeting and introduction
- acceptingcancelling invitationoffering
- giving instructionprocedure
- expressing gratitude - expressing surprise
and disbelief Vocabulary
Vocabulary Pronunciation drill
Pronunciation quiz
2 The students are able to
use grammatical rules commonly used in each
topic Grammar
Grammar Explanation Grammar Quiz 1 Fill in
the blanks Grammar Quiz 2 True-
False 3
The students are able to respond and create a
simple dialogue of :
- greeting and introduction
- acceptingcancelling invitationoffering
- instructionprocedure - expressing gratitude
- expressing surprise
and disbelief Expression
Expression Pronunciation drill
Responding to various kinds of dialogue based on
the topics 4
Conversation Respond to various kinds
of dialogue based on the topics
5 Project
Make a short video of a dialogue based on the topic
chosen After the topics, materials, features and the activities were selected, the
writer created the name of the Android application. The writer decided e-talk as the name of the application. E-talk stands for electronic talk, which means an
electronic device which can be used as a media to talk. Since the application is focused on pronunciation and conversation drill, it demands the students to
pronounce the provided vocabulary and respond to the provided expressions and dialogues in the application. The writer hopes that the application would be an
87 effective learning media to facilitate the students to practice their speaking outside
the classroom. The last step after selecting topics, materials, features and activities for the
application was designing the blueprints of the questionnaire and interview guidelines. Both blueprints were developed based on some concepts which were
taken from speaking and mobile learning theories. The research instruments were developed for both experts and users to validate the product.
3. Development
Kategori