more effective technique in improving EFL reading comprehension achievement whereas GI did not enhance reading comprehension significantly. According to
Alireza team rewards, as one of the central concepts of STAD, may have a strong impact on learners‘ performance in reading comprehension. The relationship
between th is research and the writer‘s research is the use of variables, cooperative
learning and reading comprehension. However in this skripsi, the writer has chosen STAD as a determined technique. Then, if Alireza conduct the research in
college, while the writer do the research in the third grade students of SMA Fatahillah.
The last previous study is from Rifki Hadyan which held the research by the title ―The Implementation of The Cooperative Learning method in Teaching
Reading Comprehension.‖
38
The research was conducted to find out whether or not cooperative learning improved students‘ reading comprehension.‖ The design
employed in this research was Classroom Action Research. The finding of the study showed that cooperative learning method STAD and Jigsaw improved the
students‘ comprehension in reading descriptive text. This research is in line with the writer‘s research both in research design and variables. However, the writer in
this ―skripsi‖ has different focus. The writer focuses on STAD technique, one of
types of cooperative learning method, and the type of text used is discussion text.
F. Thinking Framework
Reading is one of the essential skills that is needed for students. By reading many books students can get much information. It can also facilitate students with
a lot of sources that was gotten through book that have been written in English. However, most students face difficulty in comprehending the text. It is because
they have limited vocabularies. The other students, who have a good English vocabulary, just had the ability to recognize the word but they could not draw a
conclusion of what the author extends. Then, they are unmotivated in learning
38
Rifki Hadyan, ―The Implementation of the Cooperative Learning Method in Teaching Reading Comprehension
‖, Thesis on English Education Study Program of Indonesia University of Education: 2013. Unpublished.
reading because the teaching and learning process seems less interesting and cannot catch their attention. Nevertheless, it was not occurred to all students.
There are several students who like to learn English and have a good ability in comprehending reading text.
Since the class consists of heterogonous students, the teacher is needed to apply a cooperative learning method to facilitate students to be able to learn and to
discuss the material with their friend. Student Team Achievement Division STAD is one of the techniques from cooperative learning method. STAD
technique is based on the idea of having students work in cooperative learning teams to learn academic objectives. However, this technique emphasizes the use
of team goals and team success, which can only be achieved if all members of the team learn the objectives being taught. As a result, by applying STAD technique
the teacher are not too dominant in the class and students can be involved in cooperative and interesting activities. So the writer interested to research the
students‘ improvement in reading comprehension through Student Teams Achievement Division STAD technique at the third grade of Science Class at
SMA Fatahillah Jakarta.
G. Action Hypothesis
Dealing with thinking framework above, the researcher would like to propose the action hypothesis of this study as follow: by using Students Teams
Achievement Division Technique STAD can improve students‘ understanding of reading discussion text at the third grade students of Science Class at SMA
Fatahillah Jakarta.
